Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran.
Department of Exercise Physiology and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Jun 14;14:1183765. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1183765. eCollection 2023.
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effect of exercise training on body composition outcomes in postmenopausal women.
PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Medline were searched to identify the randomized controlled trials which evaluated effect of exercise training versus control in postmenopausal women. Standardized mean differences (SMD), weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using random effects model.
One hundred and one studies involving 5,697 postmenopausal women were included in the meta-analysis. Results indicated that exercise training effectively increased muscle mass/ volume, muscle and fiber cross-sectional area and fat-free mass, and decreased fat mass, body fat percentage, waist circumference and visceral fat. Furthermore, subgroup analyses results revealed that aerobic and combined training had greater beneficial effects on fat mass outcomes, whereas resistance and combined training had greater beneficial effects on muscle mass outcomes.
Overall, our results revealed that exercise training is effective for improving body composition in postmenopausal women. To be specific, aerobic training is effective on fat loss, whereas resistance training is effective on muscle gain. However, combination of aerobic and resistance trainings may be considered a viable strategy to improve body composition in postmenopausal women.
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42021283425.
我们进行了系统评价和荟萃分析，以研究运动训练对绝经后妇女身体成分结果的影响。
检索 PubMed、Web of Science、CINAHL 和 Medline，以确定评估运动训练对绝经后妇女与对照组影响的随机对照试验。使用随机效应模型计算标准化均数差（SMD）、加权均数差（WMD）和 95%置信区间（95%CI）。
共有 101 项研究涉及 5697 名绝经后妇女被纳入荟萃分析。结果表明，运动训练能有效增加肌肉质量/体积、肌肉和纤维横截面积以及去脂体重，减少脂肪质量、体脂百分比、腰围和内脏脂肪。此外，亚组分析结果表明，有氧运动和联合训练对脂肪量结果有更大的有益影响，而抗阻运动和联合训练对肌肉质量结果有更大的有益影响。
总体而言，我们的结果表明，运动训练对改善绝经后妇女的身体成分有效。具体来说，有氧运动对减脂有效，而抗阻运动对增肌有效。然而，有氧运动和抗阻运动的联合训练可能被认为是改善绝经后妇女身体成分的一种可行策略。
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/，标识符 CRD42021283425。
