Pereira Amanda Garcia, Simões Sarah Raquel Jesus Santos, Silva Maitê Cardoso Coelho da, Mariano Leticia Colovatti, Calchi Ana Cláudia, Alabi Cordova Amir Salvador, Ferreira Tiago Valadares, Pinho João Batista, Fecchio Alan, Bassini-Silva Ricardo, Castro-Santiago Ana Carolina, Bell Jeffrey, Machado Rosangela Zacarias, André Marcos Rogério, Werther Karin
Serviço de Patologia de Animais Selvagens - SEPAS, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil.
Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory - VBBL, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil.
Rev Bras Parasitol Vet. 2025 Jun 20;34(3):e001825. doi: 10.1590/S1984-29612025033. eCollection 2025.
Members of the family Trichomonadidae, particularly Trichomonas gallinae, are globally distributed avian parasites that primarily infect birds from the orders Columbiformes, Falconiformes, and Strigiformes. Although infections in Passeriformes are often subclinical, clinical cases have been reported. Transmission occurs through direct contact or indirectly via contaminated food or water, enabling infection across various avian orders, including Anseriformes, Falconiformes, Galliformes, Gruiformes, Passeriformes, Piciformes, Psittaciformes, and Strigiformes. This study aimed to assess the occurrence and genetic diversity of Trichomonas spp. in 246 wild birds captured in Poconé, Mato Grosso, located in the Brazilian Pantanal. Oropharyngeal swab samples were collected in July 2022 from birds belonging to six different orders. Following DNA extraction, molecular detection was performed targeting the ITS1/5.8S/ITS2 ribosomal region. Of the total samples, 107 (43.5%) tested positive, with high prevalence in Passeriformes (40.8%), Cuculiformes (75%), and Columbiformes (63.2%). Phylogenetic analysis using Bayesian inference placed the 18 obtained sequences, representing five distinct haplotypes, into three separate clades of T. gallinae. In conclusion, Trichomonas DNA was detected in asymptomatic birds from three different avian orders. The high infection prevalence and haplotype sharing among species highlight the widespread distribution and potential transmission of T. gallinae among wild birds in the Brazilian Pantanal.
毛滴虫科的成员，尤其是鸽毛滴虫，是全球分布的禽类寄生虫，主要感染鸽形目、隼形目和鸮形目的鸟类。虽然雀形目鸟类的感染通常为亚临床感染，但也有临床病例的报道。传播途径包括直接接触或通过受污染的食物或水间接传播，可导致包括雁形目、隼形目、鸡形目、鹤形目、雀形目、啄木鸟目、鹦鹉目和鸮形目在内的各种禽类感染。本研究旨在评估巴西潘塔纳尔湿地马托格罗索州波科内捕获的246只野生鸟类中毛滴虫属的发生情况和遗传多样性。2022年7月从六个不同目的鸟类中采集了口咽拭子样本。DNA提取后，针对ITS1/5.8S/ITS2核糖体区域进行分子检测。在所有样本中，107份（43.5%）检测呈阳性，雀形目（40.8%）、鹃形目（75%）和鸽形目（63.2%）的感染率较高。使用贝叶斯推断的系统发育分析将获得的18个序列（代表五个不同的单倍型）归入鸽毛滴虫的三个不同分支。总之，在来自三个不同鸟类目的无症状鸟类中检测到了毛滴虫DNA。高感染率和物种间单倍型共享突出了鸽毛滴虫在巴西潘塔纳尔湿地野生鸟类中的广泛分布和潜在传播。
