Chenais Erika, Acosta Alfredo, Aliro Tonny, Ojok Alfred, Ståhl Karl, Fischer Klara
Swedish Veterinary Agency, Uppsala, Sweden; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
Swedish Veterinary Agency, Uppsala, Sweden.
Prev Vet Med. 2025 Oct;243:106601. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106601. Epub 2025 Jun 26.
This study investigated local epidemiology, impact and actions taken by smallholder pig farmers during an outbreak of African swine fever (ASF) in rural Uganda. Data collection included the biological sampling of sick or dead pigs, structured interviews using a questionnaire and geospatial records of risk locations for ASF. Following confirmation of the presence of ASF virus by conventional PCR, all households that reported pig deaths were considered ASF positive. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and content analysis of questionnaire data. The spatial distribution of positive households, risk locations for ASF and pig populations were analysed using a hexagonal grid; retrospective space-time permutation was used to detect spatio-temporal clusters. Of the 128 pig-keeping households in the study village, 61 ASF positive households were identified. Out of these, 43 reported selling and 34 consuming dead pigs. Three households reported disposing of carcasses in a safe way (in a latrine or by burning). The pig population in the ASF positive households was reduced by 48 %, compared to a reduction of 2 % in the ASF negative households. The reduction in pig population was spatially interconnected on a hexagonal level and associated with high pig density hexagons at the start of the outbreak and with the presence of risk locations for ASF (trading centres, pork restaurants and slaughter slabs). Two significant spatio-temporal outbreak clusters were detected. The opportunities to study ASF in smallholder settings in the immediate temporal connection to outbreaks are rare and the study gave unique insights that deepen the epidemiological and social understanding of ASF in the smallholder context.
本研究调查了乌干达农村地区非洲猪瘟（ASF）疫情期间小农户养猪的当地流行病学情况、影响以及采取的行动。数据收集包括对病死猪进行生物采样、使用问卷进行结构化访谈以及ASF风险地点的地理空间记录。通过常规聚合酶链反应（PCR）确认存在ASF病毒后，所有报告有猪死亡的家庭均被视为ASF阳性。数据分析采用描述性统计和问卷数据的内容分析。使用六边形网格分析阳性家庭、ASF风险地点和猪群的空间分布；采用回顾性时空排列检测时空聚集情况。在研究村庄的128个养猪家庭中，确定了61个ASF阳性家庭。其中，43个家庭报告出售病死猪，34个家庭报告食用病死猪。三个家庭报告以安全方式处理尸体（在厕所或焚烧）。ASF阳性家庭的猪数量减少了48%，而ASF阴性家庭的猪数量减少了2%。猪数量的减少在六边形层面上存在空间联系，并且与疫情开始时猪密度高的六边形以及ASF风险地点（交易中心、猪肉餐馆和屠宰场）的存在有关。检测到两个显著的时空疫情聚集区。在疫情爆发的直接时间关联中，在小农户环境中研究ASF的机会很少，本研究提供了独特的见解，加深了对小农户背景下ASF的流行病学和社会理解。
