Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis: from reduction of mortality to reduction of morbidity.

A prospective protocol was applied from October 1978 to December 1980 to 22 newborns presenting with necrotizing enterocolitis (Stages II and III). The total mortality was 32% (7/22) with a 100% mortality in the surgical group (4/4). The prospective protocol was changed and applied to 53 newborns from January 81 to December 84, showing a decrease in total mortality: 28% (81 and 82) and 4% (1983 and 1984), with a global mortality of zero in 1983. The main changes in the protocol are: Addition of metronidazole. More precocious and radical two stages surgical procedure. Earlier diagnostic, resuscitation and transfer to the surgical department. Improvement of anaesthesia and intensive care therapy. Duration of hospital stay fell by 50%. Despite significant intestinal resections, most infants were on a normal diet by the age of one year.