Vogt T M, Schweitzer S O
Am J Epidemiol. 1985 Dec;122(6):1060-6. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114187.
This study involved direct observation of the differences in utilization of medical care by smokers, nonsmokers, and former smokers. A household interview survey conducted in 1970-1971 obtained detailed information about the smoking patterns of 2,582 adult members of the Northwest Kaiser Permanente health maintenance organization in metropolitan Portland, Oregon. These data were linked to computerized medical records which documented all inpatient and outpatient care for 1967-1974. Current smokers used 20% more hospital days/1,000 person-years (adjusted for age, sex, alcohol intake, duration of observation) than did never smokers. Former smokers, but not smokers, used more outpatient services than did nonsmokers. Among smokers, there was no detectable relationship between use of medical care services and number of cigarettes smoked per day.
这项研究直接观察了吸烟者、不吸烟者和曾经吸烟者在医疗保健利用方面的差异。1970年至1971年进行的一项家庭访谈调查获取了俄勒冈州波特兰市大都市地区西北凯撒永久健康维护组织2582名成年成员吸烟模式的详细信息。这些数据与记录了1967年至1974年所有住院和门诊护理情况的计算机化医疗记录相关联。当前吸烟者每1000人年的住院天数（根据年龄、性别、酒精摄入量、观察时长进行调整）比从不吸烟者多20%。曾经吸烟者而非吸烟者比不吸烟者使用更多的门诊服务。在吸烟者中，医疗保健服务的使用与每日吸烟量之间未发现可检测到的关系。
