Artificial intelligence (AI) has demonstrated remarkable potential in transforming medical diagnostics across various healthcare domains. This paper explores AI applications in cancer detection, dental medicine, brain tumor database management, and personalized treatment planning. AI technologies such as machine learning and deep learning have enhanced diagnostic accuracy, improved data management, and facilitated personalized treatment strategies. In cancer detection, AI-driven imaging analysis aids in early diagnosis and precise treatment decisions. In dental healthcare, AI applications improve oral disease detection, treatment planning, and workflow efficiency. AI-powered brain tumor databases streamline medical data management, enhancing diagnostic precision and research outcomes. Personalized treatment planning benefits from AI algorithms that analyze genetic, clinical, and lifestyle data to recommend tailored interventions. Despite these advancements, AI integration faces challenges related to data privacy, algorithm bias, and regulatory concerns. Addressing these issues requires improved data governance, ethical frameworks, and interdisciplinary collaboration among healthcare professionals, researchers, and policymakers. Through comprehensive validation, educational initiatives, and standardized protocols, AI adoption in healthcare can enhance patient outcomes and optimize clinical decision-making, advancing the future of precision medicine and personalized care.