Karaman Derya, Ghahramanzadeh Asl Hojjat
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
Proc Inst Mech Eng H. 2025 Jul;239(7):676-686. doi: 10.1177/09544119251348696. Epub 2025 Jul 7.
Scaffolds developed from Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) structures effectively mimic the geometric, mechanical, and fluid transport characteristics of human bones. These porous architectures facilitate fluid flow and augment bone cell adhesion and proliferation through their substantial surface area. In this study, the potential of network solid and sheet solid TPMS scaffolds with the same Schwarz Primitive architecture was compared for bone regeneration. Both types were modeled at 50%, 60%, 70%, and 80% porosity. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was conducted to assess parameters such as surface area, pore size, permeability, wall shear stress, and flow rate. These parameters are known to exert a significant influence on the behavior of bone cells. The results demonstrated that network solids exhibited enhanced permeability and augmented pore sizes, thereby facilitating cell migration and nutrient delivery. Conversely, sheet solids exhibited elevated surface areas, thereby fostering cell adhesion and proliferation. Despite exhibiting equivalent porosity, the two structures manifested discernible disparities in geometry and flow performance. Network solid structures generally provided more favorable conditions for fluid flow and mechanical stimulation. Nevertheless, the selection of network or sheet architectures should be informed by specific clinical needs and tissue requirements. The findings demonstrate that architectural differences significantly affect scaffold performance, and understanding these effects can help optimize scaffold design for bone tissue engineering applications.
由三重周期极小曲面（TPMS）结构开发的支架有效地模拟了人体骨骼的几何、力学和流体传输特性。这些多孔结构通过其巨大的表面积促进流体流动，并增强骨细胞的黏附与增殖。在本研究中，比较了具有相同施瓦茨原始结构的网络固体和片状固体TPMS支架在骨再生方面的潜力。两种类型均在孔隙率为50%、60%、70%和80%的情况下进行建模。进行了计算流体动力学（CFD）分析，以评估表面积、孔径、渗透率、壁面剪应力和流速等参数。已知这些参数对骨细胞的行为有显著影响。结果表明，网络固体表现出更高的渗透率和更大的孔径，从而促进细胞迁移和营养物质输送。相反，片状固体表现出更高的表面积，从而促进细胞黏附与增殖。尽管孔隙率相同，但两种结构在几何形状和流动性能方面表现出明显差异。网络固体结构通常为流体流动和机械刺激提供更有利的条件。然而，网络或片状结构的选择应根据具体的临床需求和组织要求来确定。研究结果表明，结构差异显著影响支架性能，了解这些影响有助于优化骨组织工程应用的支架设计。
