Ogunsola K E, Kumar P Lava
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, PMB 5320 Oyo State Nigeria.
Department of Biological Sciences, Bells University of Technology, Ota, Ogun State Nigeria.
Virusdisease. 2024 Dec;35(4):609-619. doi: 10.1007/s13337-024-00899-2. Epub 2024 Nov 19.
Seed transmission (ST) plays an important role in virus dispersion and disease epidemiology. Many viruses infecting cowpea are known to be seed-transmitted. This study evaluated the rate of virus ST in cowpea varieties inoculated under screenhouse conditions (SC) with bean common mosaic virus-blackeye cowpea mosaic strain (BCMV-BlCM), Southern bean mosaic virus (SBMV) and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) under single and multiple-infections. Up to 50 seeds harvested from the virus-infected plants of each variety per treatment were used for the grow-out test under insect-proof SC. Data were recorded on seed germination (SG), symptoms in seedlings, and virus ST. The leaf samples were tested for viruses by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The SG rate was 78 ± 2.8-100 ± 0% in all treatments. A total of 1.5% of 1,604 seedlings infected singly showed symptoms, whereas in diagnostics testing, viruses were detected in 2.6% of plants, indicating occurrence of asymptomatic ST. The highest rate of transmission observed for single infections was 17% CMV in IT98K-133-1-1, 17.1% BCMV-BlCM in IT98K-503-1, and 2.3% SBMV in IT99K-1060. The highest CMV frequency under coinfection was 22.2% in plants inoculated (PI) with SBMV + CMV, 4.2% for BCMV-BlCM in PI with BCMV-BlCM + CMV and 2.3% for SBMV in PI with BCMV-BlCM + SBMV + CMV. This study indicated high variation in the rates of ST based on cultivar and virus type, and for each virus under mixed-infection conditions. Diagnostic confirmation detected a higher percentage of seed-transmitted viruses compared to visual assessment, warranting the need for diagnostics for the reliable detection of seed-transmitted viruses.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13337-024-00899-2.
种子传播（ST）在病毒传播和疾病流行病学中起着重要作用。已知许多感染豇豆的病毒可通过种子传播。本研究评估了在温室条件（SC）下，豇豆品种分别接种菜豆普通花叶病毒-黑眼豇豆花叶株系（BCMV-BlCM）、南方菜豆花叶病毒（SBMV）和黄瓜花叶病毒（CMV），以及在单一和多重感染情况下的病毒种子传播率。从每个处理的每个品种的病毒感染植株上收获多达50粒种子，用于在防虫温室中进行种植试验。记录种子发芽率（SG）、幼苗症状和病毒种子传播情况。通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）对叶片样本进行病毒检测。所有处理的种子发芽率为78±2.8%-100±0%。在1604株单一感染的幼苗中，共有1.5%出现症状，而在诊断检测中，2.6%的植株检测到病毒，表明存在无症状种子传播。单一感染中观察到的最高传播率为IT98K-133-1-1中CMV的17%，IT98K-503-1中BCMV-BlCM的17.1%，以及IT99K-1060中SBMV的2.3%。在共感染情况下，接种SBMV+CMV的植株中CMV的最高频率为22.2%，接种BCMV-BlCM+CMV的植株中BCMV-BlCM的频率为4.2%，接种BCMV-BlCM+SBMV+CMV的植株中SBMV的频率为2.3%。本研究表明，基于品种和病毒类型，以及在混合感染条件下每种病毒的种子传播率存在很大差异。与视觉评估相比，诊断确认检测到的种子传播病毒百分比更高，因此需要进行诊断以可靠检测种子传播病毒。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s13337-024-0
