Yin Fei, Si Feng, Jiang Wenlong, Huo Shuhui, Wang Binquan, Yang Nan, Cao Jianqin
School of Nursing, Harin Medical University, Harin, China.
Key Laboratory of Human Factors and Ergonomics, State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Institute of Standardization, Beijing, China.
Front Psychiatry. 2025 Jun 24;16:1564049. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1564049. eCollection 2025.
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), a prevalent psychiatric behavioral problem in adolescents, manifests diverse outcomes including cessation of remission, aggravation, and even progression to suicidal behaviors. It is crucial to track its progression and identify predictors of clinical outcomes in NSSI. The aim of this study was to determine whether the N2 and P3 responses in adolescents with NSSI were defective in the presence of the affective Stroop paradigm and associated with their clinical outcomes.
Participants were selected from an ongoing longitudinal study designed to predict clinical outcomes of NSSI in adolescents. Twenty-six in the remission group (RG), twenty-nine in the aggravation group (AG), and twenty-seven in the healthy group (HG) completed the affective Stroop task with EEG. Accuracy and reaction times (RTs) served as behavioral indexes, while N2 and P3 amplitude served as electrophysiological indexes; they were analyzed across groups. We used the EEGNet model to predict the NSSI clinical outcomes with EEG component.
No significant main effects of group or affective stimuli or an effect of their interaction were observed on accuracy ( > 0.05). For RTs, there was a significant main effect of group, with slower RTs observed in the AG compared to the HG ( < 0.05). For N2 and P3 amplitude, there were significant main effect of group and affective stimuli and an effect of their interaction. Under neutral stimuli, the N2 amplitude in the AG was significantly larger than that in the RG ( < 0.05) and the HG ( < 0.01), while the P3 amplitude in AG was significantly smaller than that in the HG ( < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between RG and AG( > 0.05). The EEGnet model demonstrated that N2 amplitudes elicited by neutral stimuli achieved the highest classification accuracy (92.31%) for predicting clinical outcomes of NSSI.
The findings indicate that NSSI is linked to cognitive processing deficits, including impaired control and resource allocation to stimuli. Additionally, N2 amplitudes were shown to reliably predict clinical outcomes in NSSI.
非自杀性自伤（NSSI）是青少年中一种普遍存在的精神行为问题，其表现出多种结果，包括缓解、加重，甚至发展为自杀行为。追踪其发展过程并确定NSSI临床结果的预测因素至关重要。本研究的目的是确定在情感斯特鲁普范式存在的情况下，NSSI青少年的N2和P3反应是否存在缺陷，并与其临床结果相关。
参与者选自一项正在进行的纵向研究，该研究旨在预测青少年NSSI的临床结果。缓解组（RG）26人、加重组（AG）29人、健康组（HG）27人完成了带有脑电图的情感斯特鲁普任务。准确率和反应时间（RTs）作为行为指标，而N2和P3波幅作为电生理指标；对这些指标进行了组间分析。我们使用EEGNet模型通过脑电图成分预测NSSI的临床结果。
在准确率方面，未观察到组、情感刺激或其交互作用的显著主效应（>0.05）。对于反应时间，存在显著的组主效应，与健康组相比，加重组的反应时间较慢（<0.05）。对于N2和P3波幅，存在显著的组和情感刺激主效应以及它们的交互作用。在中性刺激下，加重组的N2波幅显著大于缓解组（<0.05）和健康组（<0.01），而加重组的P3波幅显著小于健康组（<0.05），但缓解组和加重组之间无显著差异（>0.05）。EEGnet模型表明，由中性刺激引发的N2波幅在预测NSSI临床结果方面达到了最高分类准确率（92.31%）。
研究结果表明，NSSI与认知加工缺陷有关，包括对刺激的控制和资源分配受损。此外，N2波幅被证明能够可靠地预测NSSI的临床结果。
