Hou Yuanyuan, Liu Xinyi, Li Zhendong, Huang Shouzhen, Chen Wenjuan, Jiang Yuhao, He Panpan, Sun Jingquan, Han Haijun
Institute of Sports Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Paotongshu Primary School, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.
Front Psychol. 2025 Jun 23;16:1598936. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1598936. eCollection 2025.
This longitudinal study aimed to explore the bidirectional causal relationship between depressive symptoms and physical exercise among college students, with a focus on the mediating roles of social support and psychological resilience.
The Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) was used to assess depression. Physical activity Rating Scale (PARS-3), Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), A longitudinal study of 1,413 college students was conducted over three months, collecting data at two time points (T1: September 15, 2024; T2: 17 December 2024). In this longitudinal study, 1,350 valid samples were obtained. Primary analyses included independent samples t-test, chi-square test, and Pearson correlation. Amos 28.0 was used to construct the cross-lag model and structural equation model for analysis.
(1) Depressive symptoms at T1 negatively predicted physical activity at T2 ( = -0.07, < 0.05). Physical exercise at T1 negatively predicted depressive symptoms at T2 ( = -0.08, < 0.05), and depressive symptoms and physical exercise could predict each other. (2) Social support at T2 played a delayed mediating role in depressive symptoms at T1 and physical exercise at T2 ( = -0.02, [-0.049, -0.006], < 0.01). (3) Resilience at T2 played a delayed mediating role in depressive symptoms at T1 and physical exercise at T2 ( = -0.03, [-0.049, -0.002], < 0.01). (4) Social support and resilience at T2 played a delayed chain mediating role in depressive symptoms and physical exercise at T1 ( = -0.01, [-0.024, -0.005], < 0.01).
This study highlights the importance of social support and resilience in promoting physical exercise and alleviating depressive symptoms in college students, as well as the interrelationship between depressive symptoms and physical exercise. The results showed that depressive symptoms not only directly affected physical exercise of college students, but also indirectly affected physical exercise of college students through the independent mediating effect of social support and psychological resilience and the chain mediating effect of social support-psychological resilience. In practice, we should improve the social support system and improve the psychological resilience of college students, which can effectively alleviate the depressive symptoms of college students and enhance physical exercise.
本纵向研究旨在探讨大学生抑郁症状与体育锻炼之间的双向因果关系，重点关注社会支持和心理韧性的中介作用。
采用自评抑郁量表（SDS）评估抑郁状况。使用体育活动量表（PARS - 3）、领悟社会支持量表（PSSS）、Connor - Davidson韧性量表（CD - RISC），对1413名大学生进行了为期三个月的纵向研究，在两个时间点（T1：2024年9月15日；T2：2024年12月17日）收集数据。在该纵向研究中，获得了1350个有效样本。主要分析包括独立样本t检验、卡方检验和Pearson相关性分析。使用Amos 28.0构建交叉滞后模型和结构方程模型进行分析。
（1）T1时的抑郁症状对T2时的体育活动有负向预测作用（β = -0.07，p < 0.05）。T1时的体育锻炼对T2时抑郁症状有负向预测作用（β = -0.08, p < 0.05），抑郁症状和体育锻炼可以相互预测。（2）T2时的社会支持在T1时的抑郁症状和T2时的体育锻炼之间起延迟中介作用（β = -0.02，[-0.049, -0.006]，p < 0.01）。（3）T2时的心理韧性在T1时的抑郁症状和T2时的体育锻炼之间起延迟中介作用（β = -0.03，[-0.049, -0.002]，p < 0.01）。（4）T2时的社会支持和心理韧性在T1时的抑郁症状和体育锻炼之间起延迟链式中介作用（β = -0.01，[-0.024, -0.005]），p < 0.01）。
本研究强调了社会支持和心理韧性在促进大学生体育锻炼和缓解抑郁症状方面以及抑郁症状与体育锻炼之间相互关系的重要性。结果表明，抑郁症状不仅直接影响大学生的体育锻炼，还通过社会支持和心理韧性的独立中介作用以及社会支持 - 心理韧性的链式中介作用间接影响大学生的体育锻炼。在实践中，应完善社会支持系统，提高大学生的心理韧性，这可以有效缓解大学生的抑郁症状并增强体育锻炼。
