Vinnie-Siow Wei Yin, Low Van Lun, Chai Hwa Chia, Lim Yvonne Ai-Lian, Tan Tiong Kai
Higher Institution Center of Excellence, Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur Malaysia.
Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
PLoS One. 2025 Jul 9;20(7):e0326693. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0326693. eCollection 2025.
Mosquitoes serve as the primary vectors responsible for transmitting canine filariasis, yet understanding the molecular interactions between filarial parasites and their vectors is a significant challenge.. Therefore, employing a proteomic approach is crucial for elucidating the protein expressions profile in mosquitoes, allowing the tracking of biochemical changes during parasite development and survival within the mosquito. To infer the protein response of mosquitoes to filarial infections, Aedes togoi was inoculated with canine filarial parasites, Dirofilaria immitis and Brugia pahangi, and maintained for 14 days prior before dissection to collect their cuticular tissue proteins for Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. Actin and prophenoloxidase, recognized as defence proteins, exhibited upregulation in groups inoculated with D. immitis and B. pahangi. Most proteins in glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the TCA cycle were upregulated in both groups, except for dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, vital for pyruvate decarboxylation, which was downregulated, while glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase, essential for glycogen production, was expressed despite its absence in the control. Additionally, a pathway related to tyrosine metabolism, involving aspartate aminotransferase, AAEL010442-PA, 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase, aspartate aminotransferase, and homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase, was expressed. This study has addressed gaps in understanding the protein response of mosquitoes infected with filarial parasites, shedding light on host defence mechanisms and potential metabolic adaptations, thereby enhancing our comprehension of filariasis infection mechanisms.
蚊子是传播犬丝虫病的主要病媒，但了解丝虫寄生虫与其病媒之间的分子相互作用是一项重大挑战。因此，采用蛋白质组学方法对于阐明蚊子体内的蛋白质表达谱至关重要，这有助于追踪寄生虫在蚊子体内发育和存活期间的生化变化。为了推断蚊子对丝虫感染的蛋白质反应，用犬丝虫寄生虫——犬恶丝虫和彭亨布鲁线虫接种东乡伊蚊，并在解剖前饲养14天，以收集其表皮组织蛋白用于液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）分析。被认为是防御蛋白的肌动蛋白和前酚氧化酶在接种犬恶丝虫和彭亨布鲁线虫的组中表现出上调。糖酵解、糖异生和三羧酸循环中的大多数蛋白质在两组中均上调，但对丙酮酸脱羧至关重要的二氢硫辛酰胺脱氢酶下调，而对糖原产生必不可少的葡萄糖-1-磷酸尿苷转移酶尽管在对照组中不存在，但仍有表达。此外，还表达了一条与酪氨酸代谢相关的途径，涉及天冬氨酸转氨酶、AAEL010442-PA、4-羟基苯丙酮酸双加氧酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶和尿黑酸1,2-双加氧酶。这项研究填补了在了解感染丝虫寄生虫的蚊子的蛋白质反应方面的空白，揭示了宿主防御机制和潜在的代谢适应，从而增强了我们对丝虫病感染机制的理解。
