Law Connor A, Elser Holly, Walter Alexa E, Mosley Thomas H, Walker Keenan, Gottesman Rebecca F, Schneider Andrea L C
Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Front Psychol. 2025 Jun 25;16:1546443. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1546443. eCollection 2025.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Associations of traumatic brain injury (TBI) with subsequent increased anger proneness have been studied in younger populations, but less is known about potential bidirectional associations between TBI and anger proneness among older populations. This study aimed to investigate bidirectional associations between anger proneness and TBI among community-dwelling participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.
TBI was defined by self-report and ICD-9/10 codes. Anger proneness was defined using the Spielberger Trait Anger Scale. We performed 3 analyses: cross-sectional associations of prior TBI with anger proneness (Visit 2, 1990-1992, = 13,694), associations of interval TBI with change in anger proneness (Visit 2, 1990-1992 to Visit 4, 1996-1998, = 9,022), and prospective associations of baseline anger proneness with incident TBI (Visit 2, 1990-1992 to 12/31/2020, = 11,713). Adjusted Tobit, linear, and Cox-proportional hazards regression models estimated associations, respectively.
Overall, participants were a mean age of 57 years at Visit 2, 55% were female, and 24% were Black. In cross-sectional analyses, prior TBI was associated with slightly higher anger proneness ( = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.17, 0.54). In change analyses, interval TBI was not significantly associated with change in anger proneness score over time ( = 0.16, 95% CI = -0.16, 0.48). In prospective analyses, increasing baseline anger proneness was not significantly associated with incident TBI (moderate anger proneness: HR = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.95, 1.15; high anger proneness: HR = 1.15, 95% CI = 0.97, 1.37).
In conclusion, this study did not find evidence for associations between TBI and anger proneness in this older population. Further research regarding relationships between anger proneness and TBI may not be warranted in older populations.
背景/目的：创伤性脑损伤（TBI）与随后愤怒倾向增加之间的关联在年轻人群中已有研究，但在老年人群中，TBI与愤怒倾向之间潜在的双向关联却鲜为人知。本研究旨在调查社区居住的“社区动脉粥样硬化风险研究”参与者中愤怒倾向与TBI之间的双向关联。
TBI通过自我报告和ICD-9/10编码定义。愤怒倾向使用斯皮尔伯格特质愤怒量表定义。我们进行了3项分析：既往TBI与愤怒倾向的横断面关联（第2次访视，1990 - 1992年，n = 13,694），间歇性TBI与愤怒倾向变化的关联（第2次访视，1990 - 1992年至第4次访视，1996 - 1998年，n = 9,022），以及基线愤怒倾向与新发TBI的前瞻性关联（第2次访视，1990 - 1992年至2020年12月31日，n = 11,713）。分别采用调整后的托比特、线性和Cox比例风险回归模型估计关联。
总体而言，第2次访视时参与者的平均年龄为57岁，55%为女性，24%为黑人。在横断面分析中，既往TBI与略高的愤怒倾向相关（β = 0.35，95%CI = 0.17，0.54）。在变化分析中，间歇性TBI与愤怒倾向评分随时间的变化无显著关联（β = 0.16，95%CI = -0.16，0.48）。在前瞻性分析中，基线愤怒倾向增加与新发TBI无显著关联（中度愤怒倾向：HR = 1.05，95%CI = 0.95，1.15；高度愤怒倾向：HR = 1.15，95%CI = 0.97，1.37）。
总之，本研究未发现该老年人群中TBI与愤怒倾向之间存在关联的证据。对于老年人群中愤怒倾向与TBI之间关系的进一步研究可能没有必要。
