Badwei Nourhan
Tropical Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hepatoma Group, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
ILIVER. 2022 Dec 27;2(1):36-40. doi: 10.1016/j.iliver.2022.12.001. eCollection 2023 Mar.
Hepatocellular carcinoma is known to be a common primary liver malignancy and a serious leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally. Hence, ongoing recent advances in the genetic field regarding hepatocellular carcinoma paid researchers great attention to identifying various biomarkers to act as diagnostic and prognostic tools for the early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma and also developing targeted therapeutic agents that are indicated and available for advanced stages of hepatocellular carcinomas, however, their antitumor efficacy remains limited and under investigations. Therefore, our review summarized the genetic studies of liver cancer focusing on the somatic mutations, copy number variations, and epigenetic modifications that represent early alterations and oncodrivers in hepatocarcinogenesis, Moreover, the identification of genetic signatures and proteomic targets through hepatocellular carcinoma-related genome-wide screening, to show the ongoing clinical application of such analysis to facilitate diagnosis, prognosis and management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma for a better outcome.
肝细胞癌是一种常见的原发性肝脏恶性肿瘤，也是全球癌症相关死亡的主要严重原因。因此，基因领域最近在肝细胞癌方面的进展使研究人员高度关注识别各种生物标志物，以作为肝细胞癌早期检测的诊断和预后工具，并开发适用于肝细胞癌晚期的靶向治疗药物，然而，它们的抗肿瘤疗效仍然有限且正在研究中。因此，我们的综述总结了肝癌的基因研究，重点关注体细胞突变、拷贝数变异和表观遗传修饰，这些代表了肝癌发生过程中的早期改变和致癌驱动因素。此外，通过与肝细胞癌相关的全基因组筛查来识别基因特征和蛋白质组学靶点，以展示此类分析在促进肝细胞癌患者诊断、预后和管理方面的临床应用，从而获得更好的结果。
