Koizumi Iori, Kondo Hirotaka
Koizumi Nest Animal Hospital, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan.
Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
Vet Med Sci. 2025 Jul;11(4):e70506. doi: 10.1002/vms3.70506.
The precise pathogenesis of intraabdominal abscess in pet rabbits remains unclear and descriptions of clinical findings are scant.
The objective of this retrospective study was to describe the clinical findings, possible pathogeneses and surgical treatments with long-term outcomes of rabbits presenting with intraabdominal abscess.
Medical records of rabbits that underwent surgical excision and were diagnosed with intraabdominal abscess between 2017 and 2023 in a first-opinion hospital were retrospectively evaluated.
Medical records were available for a total of 2128 rabbits, with 13 confirmed cases of intraabdominal abscess. Twelve cases considered eligible for this study were reviewed. Median age of the rabbits at onset was 18 months. Rabbits comprised 7 males (1 castrated) and 5 females (3 spayed), with 9 Lop-eared, 2 Netherland Dwarf and 1 Mini Rex. Common clinical signs were anorexia, decreased activity and abnormality of fecal production. Abdominal ultrasound and radiography revealed intraabdominal lesions in 12 and 7 cases, respectively. Exploratory laparotomy revealed intraabdominal abscess in all cases. Abscesses arose from the vermiform appendix in 6 cases and were associated with previous gastrointestinal perforation in 3 cases. The abscess was excised or incised with irrigation of the intraabscess cavity and administration of antibiotics. Nine cases showed an uneventful outcome (median survival time, 1044 days), including five cases showing growth of residual intraabdominal abscess.
Intraabdominal abscess in rabbits is commonly associated from the vermiform appendix and previous gastrointestinal perforation. Surgical intervention for intraabdominal abscess along with antibiotic therapy appears effective.
宠物兔腹腔内脓肿的确切发病机制尚不清楚，临床症状描述也很少。
本回顾性研究的目的是描述腹腔内脓肿兔的临床症状、可能的发病机制、手术治疗及长期预后。
回顾性评估2017年至2023年在一家初诊医院接受手术切除并被诊断为腹腔内脓肿的兔的病历。
共有2128只兔的病历可供查阅，其中13例确诊为腹腔内脓肿。对12例符合本研究条件的病例进行了回顾。发病时兔的中位年龄为18个月。兔包括7只雄性（1只去势）和5只雌性（3只绝育），其中9只为垂耳兔，2只为荷兰侏儒兔，1只为迷你雷克斯兔。常见临床症状为厌食、活动减少和粪便生成异常。腹部超声和X线摄影分别在12例和7例中发现腹腔内病变。剖腹探查术在所有病例中均发现腹腔内脓肿。6例脓肿起源于阑尾，3例与既往胃肠道穿孔有关。脓肿被切除或切开，同时对脓肿腔进行冲洗并给予抗生素。9例预后良好（中位生存时间为1044天），其中5例腹腔内残留脓肿生长。
兔腹腔内脓肿通常与阑尾和既往胃肠道穿孔有关。腹腔内脓肿的手术干预联合抗生素治疗似乎有效。
