Hirschtick Jana L, Xie Yanmei, Whittington Blair, Patel Akash, Elliott Michael R, Allgood Kristi, Coyle Joseph, Fleischer Nancy L
Advocate Health Care, Advocate Aurora Research Institute, Downers Grove, IL, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Public Health Rep. 2025 Jul 10:333549251323859. doi: 10.1177/00333549251323859.
We describe the methodologic approach to rapidly launching a population-based surveillance study in spring 2020 to examine the lasting physical, mental, and economic effect of COVID-19 among adults in Michigan.
We established a partnership between the University of Michigan School of Public Health and the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services to conduct this study. Using a sequential stratified sampling strategy, we randomly selected adults with polymerase chain reaction-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Michigan Disease Surveillance System. From 2020 through 2022, respondents completed detailed surveys on the lasting effect of their COVID-19 illness online in English or by telephone in English, Spanish, or Arabic, reflecting the diverse population in Michigan. We created and used sampling weights to reduce survey nonresponse bias and tested the performance of the weights with a nonresponse bias analysis.
Of all sampled people (n = 17 584), 5521 completed our baseline survey a median of 4.5 months after their COVID-19 onset, for a response rate of 32.1%. Most respondents completed the survey online in every region except Detroit, where 67.1% completed the survey by telephone, highlighting the importance of multimode surveys to increase accessibility and generalizability. Our findings suggest minimal nonresponse bias in the weighted baseline sample.
This unique academic-state partnership resulted in timely and actionable findings related to the lasting effect of COVID-19 that were unavailable elsewhere. While this effort was successful, it was built out of necessity given the limited resources available to local and state health departments to conduct surveillance during the COVID-19 pandemic.
我们描述了在2020年春季迅速开展一项基于人群的监测研究的方法，以调查新冠病毒病对密歇根州成年人的长期身体、心理和经济影响。
我们在密歇根大学公共卫生学院和密歇根州卫生与公众服务部之间建立了合作关系来开展这项研究。采用序贯分层抽样策略，我们在密歇根疾病监测系统中随机选择了经聚合酶链反应确诊感染严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2的成年人。从2020年到2022年，受访者通过在线方式用英语或通过电话用英语、西班牙语或阿拉伯语完成了关于其新冠病毒病长期影响的详细调查，这反映了密歇根州人口的多样性。我们创建并使用抽样权重来减少调查无应答偏差，并通过无应答偏差分析测试了权重的性能。
在所有抽样人群（n = 17584）中，5521人在新冠病毒病发病后中位数4.5个月完成了我们的基线调查，应答率为32.1%。除底特律外，每个地区的大多数受访者都是在线完成调查，底特律有67.1%的受访者通过电话完成调查，这突出了多模式调查对于提高可及性和普遍性的重要性。我们的研究结果表明加权基线样本中的无应答偏差最小。
这种独特的学术 - 州合作关系产生了与新冠病毒病长期影响相关的及时且可采取行动的研究结果，这些结果在其他地方是无法获得的。虽然这项工作取得了成功，但鉴于地方和州卫生部门在新冠病毒病大流行期间进行监测的资源有限，它是出于必要而开展的。
