Al Zeedy Khalfan, Al Shibli Sheikha, H Al Noumani Jawahar, Al Azri Mohammed, Al Alawi Abdullah
Department of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, University Medical City, Muscat, Oman.
Oman Medical Specialty Board, Muscat, Oman.
Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2025 May 2;25(1):258-265. doi: 10.18295/2075-0528.2835.
This study aimed to assess the mortality rate and related factors in dengue fever (DF) patients. Additionally, it will outline the clinical and biochemical characteristics and treatments administered to confirmed cases.
This retrospective cross-sectional study included DF patients who presented to Sultan Qaboos University Hospital between January 2022 and July 2023. Data were extracted from the hospital's electronic system into a pre-designed Excel data collection sheet and analysed.
The study identified 319 confirmed DF cases with male predominance. The overall mortality rate was 3.8% (n = 12). Mortality was significantly higher among those with ischaemic heart disease (41.7%; n = 5), chronic kidney disease (25%; n = 3) and those on aspirin (25%; n = 3). Patients presenting with fever, headache, arthralgia and body aches, along with multi-organ involvement, exhibited confusion, lower platelet counts, abnormalities in haematocrit and haemoglobin levels, as well as deranged liver and renal function. Backward stepwise multivariate regression analysis showed that the use of antibiotics (odds ratio [OR] = 6.644, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.202-36.742; = 0.030) and elevated bilirubin levels (OR = 1.058, 95% CI: 1.013-1.105; = 0.011) were significant independent predictors of mortality.
This study identified a mortality rate of 3.8% among patients with DF. Elevated bilirubin levels and antibiotic use during hospitalisation are independent predictors of mortality. Therefore, it is recommended that such patients be closely monitored for potential signs, symptoms and biochemical changes to reduce the risk of mortality.
本研究旨在评估登革热（DF）患者的死亡率及相关因素。此外，还将概述确诊病例的临床和生化特征以及所采取的治疗措施。
这项回顾性横断面研究纳入了2022年1月至2023年7月期间在苏丹卡布斯大学医院就诊的DF患者。数据从医院电子系统提取到预先设计的Excel数据收集表中并进行分析。
该研究共确定319例确诊DF病例，男性居多。总体死亡率为3.8%（n = 12）。缺血性心脏病患者（41.7%；n = 5）、慢性肾脏病患者（25%；n = 3）以及服用阿司匹林的患者（25%；n = 3）的死亡率显著更高。出现发热、头痛、关节痛和全身疼痛以及多器官受累的患者表现出意识混乱、血小板计数降低、血细胞比容和血红蛋白水平异常，以及肝功能和肾功能紊乱。向后逐步多因素回归分析显示，使用抗生素（比值比[OR]=6.644，95%置信区间[CI]：1.202 - 36.742；P = 0.030）和胆红素水平升高（OR = 1.058，95%CI：1.013 - 1.105；P = 0.011）是死亡率的显著独立预测因素。
本研究确定DF患者的死亡率为3.8%。住院期间胆红素水平升高和使用抗生素是死亡率的独立预测因素。因此，建议对这类患者密切监测潜在的体征、症状和生化变化，以降低死亡风险。
