Keykha Ahmad, Fazlali Beheshteh, Behravesh Sara, Farahmandpour Zohreh
Sharif University of Technology, Sharif Policy Research Institute, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Higher Education Management, North Tehran branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
J Adv Med Educ Prof. 2025 Jul 1;13(3):155-172. doi: 10.30476/jamp.2024.104617.2071. eCollection 2025 Jul.
ChatGPT serves as a double-edged sword in education, offering either constructive information or potential challenges. Its impact ranges from being a transformative tool to a disruptive force, making it difficult to evaluate its educational efficacy comprehensively. In light of this complexity, the primary aim of this research was to investigate the opportunities and challenges associated with the integration of ChatGPT into the domain of medical education.
The study utilized the Interaction Equivalency Theorem as its conceptual framework to guide the investigation. To achieve the research objectives, a meta-synthesis of the literature was conducted to systematically integrate the findings of selected studies. Data collection involved comprehensive searches across specialized academic databases, including Science Direct, Springer, ERIC, Emerald, SAGE, Wiley Online Library, PubMed, and Google Scholar, focusing on publications from 2022 to 2024. 88 articles were meticulously selected based on their relevance to the research topic. The data were then subjected to thematic analysis, facilitating the extraction of key insights and patterns to address the study objectives.
The findings were organized into four primary subthemes highlighting the opportunities presented by ChatGPT in medical education. These sub-themes encompassed benefits for educators, learners, curriculum development, and the learning process. Similarly, the challenges related to the integration of ChatGPT were categorized into four primary sub-themes: addressing the difficulties experienced by educators, learners, curriculum development, and the learning process. Together, these challenges were further delineated into 11 secondary sub-themes, offering a comprehensive analysis of the complexities involved.
The findings suggest that improving educational efficiency, assisting with self-development, enhancing communication skills, creating and expanding curriculum, and improving the learning environment are opportunities for utilizing ChatGPT. The study outcomes also reveal that lack of technological knowledge, negative attitudes, reduction in education quality, diminishing students' capabilities, reducing learning quality, flaws in learning development, difficulties in designing educational content, and bias in learning evaluation are challenges of applying ChatGPT in medical education.
ChatGPT在教育领域是一把双刃剑，既提供建设性信息，也带来潜在挑战。其影响范围从变革性工具到颠覆性力量，难以全面评估其教育功效。鉴于这种复杂性，本研究的主要目的是调查将ChatGPT整合到医学教育领域所带来的机遇和挑战。
本研究采用互动等效性定理作为概念框架来指导调查。为实现研究目标，对文献进行了元综合，以系统整合所选研究的结果。数据收集涉及在包括科学Direct、Springer、ERIC、Emerald、SAGE、Wiley在线图书馆、PubMed和谷歌学术在内的专业学术数据库中进行全面搜索，重点关注2022年至2024年的出版物。基于与研究主题的相关性，精心挑选了88篇文章。然后对数据进行主题分析，以促进关键见解和模式的提取，从而实现研究目标。
研究结果分为四个主要子主题，突出了ChatGPT在医学教育中带来的机遇。这些子主题包括对教育工作者、学习者、课程开发和学习过程的益处。同样，与ChatGPT整合相关的挑战也分为四个主要子主题：解决教育工作者、学习者、课程开发和学习过程中遇到的困难。这些挑战进一步细分为11个次要子主题，对其中涉及的复杂性进行了全面分析。
研究结果表明，提高教育效率、协助自我发展、增强沟通技巧、创建和扩展课程以及改善学习环境是利用ChatGPT的机遇。研究结果还表明，缺乏技术知识、消极态度、教育质量下降、学生能力降低、学习质量下降、学习发展存在缺陷、设计教育内容困难以及学习评估存在偏差是在医学教育中应用ChatGPT的挑战。
