Momeni Moghaddam Amin, Rastkar Mohsen, Soltanzadi Atena, Vaheb Saeed, Ghajarzadeh Mahsa
Department of Radiology, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Student's Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Caspian J Intern Med. 2025 Mar 11;16(2):192-197. doi: 10.22088/cjim.16.2.192. eCollection 2025 Spring.
COVID-19 could exacerbate the symptoms of autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Literature shows an increase in the incidence of relapse in patients with MS after COVID-19. We designed this systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the pooled incidence of MS-relapse after COVID-19.
We performed a systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google scholar. Gray literature including references of the references and conference abstracts were also searched to find relevant articles. We extracted data regarding the total number of participants, the name of the first author, publication year, country of origin, mean age, mean disease duration, mean Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), and the number of patients with relapse after COVID.
A literature search revealed 5160 articles, after deleting duplicates, 2270 remained. After careful evaluation of the full texts, twelve studies were included for meta-analysis. Totally, 1595 patients with MS who had a history of COVID-19 were evaluated. Most studies were done in Iran. The mean age of included patients ranged between 35 and 49 years, and mean durations of the disease were between 7and 15.4 years. The incidence of relapse ranged between 2% and 20% in included studies.The pooled incidence of relapse after COVID-19 was 7% (95%CI:5-10%) (I2=64%, p<0.001).
The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis show that the pooled incidence of MS-related relapse after COVID-19 is 7%.
新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）可能会加重自身免疫性疾病的症状，如多发性硬化症（MS）。文献表明，COVID-19感染后MS患者的复发率有所增加。我们开展了这项系统评价和荟萃分析，以评估COVID-19感染后MS复发的合并发生率。
我们在PubMed、Scopus、EMBASE、Web of Science和谷歌学术上进行了系统检索。还检索了灰色文献，包括参考文献的参考文献和会议摘要，以查找相关文章。我们提取了关于参与者总数、第一作者姓名、发表年份、原产国、平均年龄、平均病程、平均扩展残疾状态量表（EDSS）以及COVID感染后复发患者数量的数据。
文献检索共发现5160篇文章，剔除重复项后，剩余2270篇。在对全文进行仔细评估后，纳入了12项研究进行荟萃分析。总共评估了1595例有COVID-19病史的MS患者。大多数研究在伊朗进行。纳入患者的平均年龄在35至49岁之间，疾病平均病程在7至15.4年之间。纳入研究中复发率在2%至20%之间。COVID-19感染后复发的合并发生率为7%（95%CI：5-10%）（I2=64%，p<0.001）。
这项系统评价和荟萃分析的结果表明，COVID-19感染后MS相关复发的合并发生率为7%。
