Saberi Reza, Ghorbanzadeh Aliasghar, Tabaripour Rabeeh, Sarvi Shahabeddin, Gholami Shirzad, Hosseini Seyed Abdollah
Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Parasite Epidemiol Control. 2025 Apr 25;29:e00425. doi: 10.1016/j.parepi.2025.e00425. eCollection 2025 May.
is a soil-transmitted helminth (STH) responsible for strongyloidiasis, a neglected tropical disease (NTD) that affects nearly 614 million people globally. This intestinal nematode poses significant health risks, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of in high-risk populations in northern Iran, employing a combination of parasitological, serological, and molecular techniques.
Blood and fecal samples were collected from 92 patients in Mazandaran province, northern Iran, consisting of 52 patients with HIV+/AIDS and 40 cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy or corticosteroid treatment. Initially, all fecal samples were examined using the nutrient agar culture method for parasitological assessment. Following this, DNA extraction was performed on all samples for identify (by COX1- Nested PCR). Additionally, the sera of the patients were analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (NovaTec Immunodiagnostica GmbH, Dietzenbach, Germany).
The stool samples from these patients were negative in agar plate cultures. Among the 92 patients in the study, stool microscopy for rhabditiform larvae was positive in three cases. Using nested PCR, four samples (4.34 %) tested positive for . Serological investigations revealed that 4 out of 52 HIV-positive patients (7.69 %) and 15 out of 40 cancer patients (37.5 %) had a history of infection with .
These results emphasis the importance of employing a multifaceted diagnostic approach, combining parasitological, serological, and molecular techniques, to accurately identify infections in at risk populations. Given the potential for severe complications associated with strongyloidiasis in immunocompromised individuals, regular screening and prompt treatment are essential to reduce health risks.
粪类圆线虫是一种土源性蠕虫，可引发粪类圆线虫病，这是一种被忽视的热带疾病，全球近6.14亿人受其影响。这种肠道线虫会带来重大健康风险，在免疫功能低下的个体中尤为如此。本研究旨在采用寄生虫学、血清学和分子技术相结合的方法，调查伊朗北部高危人群中粪类圆线虫的感染率。
从伊朗北部马赞德兰省的92名患者中采集血液和粪便样本，其中包括52名HIV阳性/AIDS患者和40名正在接受化疗或皮质类固醇治疗的癌症患者。首先，使用营养琼脂培养法对所有粪便样本进行检查，以进行寄生虫学评估。在此之后，对所有样本进行DNA提取，以通过COX1巢式PCR鉴定粪类圆线虫。此外，使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）试剂盒（德国迪岑巴赫的NovaTec Immunodiagnostica GmbH公司）对患者血清进行分析。
这些患者的粪便样本在琼脂平板培养中均为阴性。在研究的92名患者中，有3例粪便镜检发现粪类圆线虫杆状蚴呈阳性。使用巢式PCR，4个样本（4.34%）检测出粪类圆线虫呈阳性。血清学调查显示，52名HIV阳性患者中有4名（7.69%）以及40名癌症患者中有15名（37.5%）有粪类圆线虫感染史。
这些结果强调了采用多方面诊断方法（结合寄生虫学、血清学和分子技术）以准确识别高危人群感染情况的重要性。鉴于免疫功能低下个体中粪类圆线虫病可能引发严重并发症，定期筛查和及时治疗对于降低健康风险至关重要。
