Park Janice Y, Campler Magnus R, Cheng Ting-Yu, Kieffer Justin D, Youngblood Brad L, Vidaurre Jorge A, Held Timothy, Flint Mark, Cressman Michael D, Resende Talita P, Kramer Collin, Mattox Lori L, Arruda Andréia G, Bowman Andrew S
Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 11;15(1):25037. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-10881-7.
Water-based foam (WBF) is an effective depopulation method for poultry, pigs, and cattle. We evaluated WBF as an effective means for the depopulation of sheep and goats. First, anesthetized sheep and goats (N = 6 per species) were terminated to prove lethality. Then, conscious animals (N = 58 sheep, 60 goats) were observed for distress behaviors during foam administration, with a subset of animals implanted with bio-loggers to determine time to cessation of movement (COM) and cardiac death. Two vocalizations were counted in sheep, while no distress behaviors were observed in goats. Average times (mm: ss ± SD) to COM and fatal cardiac rhythm were 03:05 ± 00:13 and 11:09 ± 04:32 in sheep, and 02:55 ± 00:14 and 11:01 ± 05:18 min in goats, respectively. In a separate trial, electroencephalogram (EEG) waveforms were captured (N = 13 per species) to determine time to cortical death. Average time from WBF application to transitional EEG and isoelectric EEG was 02:40 ± 00:12 and 04:10 ± 00:13 in sheep and 01:48 ± 00:14 and 3:28 ± 00:19 in goats, respectively. Based on our findings, we found WBF to be a reliable and efficient method for depopulating adult sheep and goats.
水基泡沫（WBF）是一种用于家禽、猪和牛的有效种群消除方法。我们评估了WBF作为绵羊和山羊种群消除的有效手段。首先，对麻醉的绵羊和山羊（每个物种6只）实施安乐死以证明其致死性。然后，观察清醒动物（58只绵羊、60只山羊）在施加泡沫过程中的痛苦行为，其中一部分动物植入了生物记录器以确定停止移动（COM）和心脏死亡的时间。在绵羊中记录到两种叫声，而在山羊中未观察到痛苦行为。绵羊达到COM和致命心律的平均时间（分钟：秒±标准差）分别为03:05±00:13和11:09±04:32，山羊分别为02:55±00:14和11:01±05:18分钟。在另一项试验中，采集了脑电图（EEG）波形（每个物种13只）以确定皮层死亡时间。从施加WBF到出现过渡性EEG和等电位EEG的平均时间，绵羊分别为02:40±00:12和04:10±00:13，山羊分别为01:48±00:14和3:28±00:19。基于我们的研究结果，我们发现WBF是一种用于成年绵羊和山羊种群消除的可靠且有效的方法。
