抗菌肽：结构、功能及转化应用

Antimicrobial peptides: structure, functions and translational applications.

作者信息

Oliveira Júnior Nelson G, Souza Camila M, Buccini Danieli F, Cardoso Marlon H, Franco Octávio L

机构信息

Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.

S-inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Brazil.

出版信息

Nat Rev Microbiol. 2025 Jul 11. doi: 10.1038/s41579-025-01200-y.

DOI:10.1038/s41579-025-01200-y

PMID:40646173

Abstract

Novel solutions to combat the rapid evolution of antimicrobial resistance in human and animal pathogens are urgently required. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent promising therapeutic molecules, as they exhibit structural nuances and distinct molecular targets against pathogenic microorganisms. In this Review, we explore the multifaceted structural nature of AMPs and advanced structural conformations, discuss the distinct mechanisms of action and explore novel targets. Additionally, we discuss resistance mechanisms, cross-resistance and innovative strategies for AMP design and optimization. We argue that gaining insight into novel AMP structural arrangements, targets and design optimization is crucial for the development of innovative therapies that can be translated into clinical as well as broader applications.

摘要

迫切需要新的解决方案来应对人类和动物病原体中抗菌药物耐药性的快速演变。抗菌肽（AMPs）是很有前景的治疗分子，因为它们具有结构细微差别和针对病原微生物的独特分子靶点。在本综述中，我们探讨了抗菌肽的多方面结构性质和高级结构构象，讨论了不同的作用机制并探索了新的靶点。此外，我们还讨论了耐药机制、交叉耐药以及抗菌肽设计和优化的创新策略。我们认为，深入了解新型抗菌肽的结构排列、靶点和设计优化对于开发可转化为临床应用以及更广泛应用的创新疗法至关重要。