生物源性无定形磷酸钙：牙本质再矿化的可持续替代方案。

Biogenic amorphous calcium phosphate: a sustainable alternative for dentin remineralization.

作者信息

Madhubala M Madhana, Nayantara G S, Jayasree R, Locs Janis, Mahalaxmi Sekar

机构信息

Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Dental College, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Ramapuram, Bharathi Salai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600089, India.

10X Assistive Technology, IITM Research Park, Taramani, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600070, India.

出版信息

BMC Oral Health. 2025 Jul 11;25(1):1149. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-06524-y.

DOI:10.1186/s12903-025-06524-y

PMID:40646502

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12255129/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Dentin demineralization weakens tooth integrity, requiring effective remineralization approaches. Amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) is commonly used to deliver calcium and phosphate ions for dentin repair. However, synthetic ACP (SACP) often exhibits instability and limited antibacterial properties. In contrast, biogenic ACP (BACP), derived from eggshell waste, presents a sustainable alternative with potential advantages.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to compare the remineralization potential of SACP and BACP by evaluating their ability to restore microhardness, tubular occlusion, and crystal deposit formation. Antibacterial efficacy against and was also assessed.

METHODS

BACP was synthesized from eggshell waste using thermal and chemical processes, while SACP was commercially obtained. Both materials were characterized using SEM, EDX, FTIR, and XRD, with biocompatibility verified via MTT assay. Dentin specimens ( = 36) were demineralized (pH 4.5, 72 h) and divided into BACP, SACP, and control groups. Remineralization efficacy was assessed using pH-cycling, Vickers microhardness, SEM-EDX, and XRD. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the agar diffusion method and biofilm disruption was analyzed through fluorescence microscopy against and Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc test.

RESULTS

SEM revealed that BACP had a more uniform, densely packed structure compared to SACP. Microhardness testing showed BACP-treated samples had the highest post-treatment hardness (59.97 HV), followed by SACP (53.80 HV) and control (42.30 HV). EDX showed a higher Ca/P ratio in BACP (1.64) compared to SACP (1.54), closely resembling hydroxyapatite. BACP exhibited superior antibacterial activity in both agar diffusion and biofilm disruption analyses.

CONCLUSION

BACP, derived from eggshell waste, demonstrated superior remineralization and antibacterial potential, making it a promising alternative to SACP for dentin repair.

CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER

Not applicable.

摘要

背景

牙本质脱矿会削弱牙齿的完整性，需要有效的再矿化方法。无定形磷酸钙（ACP）常用于输送钙和磷酸根离子以修复牙本质。然而，合成无定形磷酸钙（SACP）通常表现出不稳定性且抗菌性能有限。相比之下，源自蛋壳废料的生物源无定形磷酸钙（BACP）是一种具有潜在优势的可持续替代品。

目的

本研究旨在通过评估SACP和BACP恢复显微硬度、封闭牙本质小管及形成晶体沉积物的能力，比较它们的再矿化潜力。同时还评估了它们对[具体细菌名称1]和[具体细菌名称2]的抗菌效果。

方法

采用热法和化学法从蛋壳废料中合成BACP，SACP购自商业渠道。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能量散射X射线光谱仪（EDX）、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FTIR）和X射线衍射仪（XRD）对两种材料进行表征，并通过MTT法验证其生物相容性。将牙本质标本（n = 36）脱矿（pH 4.5，72小时）后分为BACP组、SACP组和对照组。使用pH循环、维氏显微硬度测试、SEM - EDX和XRD评估再矿化效果。采用琼脂扩散法评估抗菌活性，并通过荧光显微镜分析对[具体细菌名称1]和[具体细菌名称2]生物膜的破坏情况。使用单因素方差分析和Tukey事后检验进行统计分析。

结果

SEM显示，与SACP相比，BACP具有更均匀、紧密堆积的结构。显微硬度测试表明，经BACP处理的样品处理后的硬度最高（59.97 HV），其次是SACP（53.80 HV）和对照组（42.30 HV）。EDX显示BACP中的钙/磷比（1.64）高于SACP（1.54），与羟基磷灰石非常相似。在琼脂扩散和生物膜破坏分析中，BACP均表现出优异的抗菌活性。