Lakatos István, Malik Péter, Bodó Kornélia, Szőke Zsuzsanna, Sükösd Farkas, Lanszki Zsófia, Szemethy László, Kurucz Kornélia, Bányai Krisztián, Kemenesi Gábor, Zana Brigitta
Department of Regional Game Management, Ministry of Agriculture, 1052 Budapest, Hungary.
Department of Virology, National Food Chain Safety Office VDD, 1143 Budapest, Hungary.
Animals (Basel). 2025 Jul 2;15(13):1948. doi: 10.3390/ani15131948.
Wildlife serves as a significant reservoir for various pathogens transmissible to domestic animals and humans. Vector-borne diseases represent an increasing concern in Europe, affecting both animal and human health. This pilot study investigated the circulation of endemic and emerging vector-borne viruses in wild ungulates in Hungary, utilizing a One Health approach. Serum samples were obtained from European fallow deer (), red deer (), and roe deer () during routine national game management activities between 2020 and 2023. Samples were analyzed for antibodies against the Bluetongue virus (BTV), West Nile virus (WNV), and Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) using ELISA and neutralization tests. The results revealed a WNV seroprevalence of 22.3% in fallow deer and 31.8% in red deer, while BTV seroprevalence was 2.5% in fallow deer. All samples were negative for EHDV antibodies. These findings confirm the circulation of WNV and BTV in Hungarian wild ungulates. While the study's design precludes statistical analysis due to non-random sampling, it demonstrates the potential of integrating wild ungulate serosurveillance into disease monitoring programs, leveraging established wildlife management activities for a cost-effective and complementary approach to One Health surveillance, particularly considering the ongoing spread of EHDV in Europe and the importance of BTV serotype monitoring for effective vaccination strategies.
野生动物是多种可传播给家畜和人类的病原体的重要宿主。媒介传播疾病在欧洲日益受到关注，影响着动物和人类健康。这项试点研究采用“同一健康”方法，调查了匈牙利野生有蹄类动物中地方性和新出现的媒介传播病毒的传播情况。在2020年至2023年的常规国家狩猎管理活动期间，从欧洲黇鹿、马鹿和狍身上采集了血清样本。使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和中和试验分析样本中针对蓝舌病毒（BTV）、西尼罗河病毒（WNV）和流行性出血病病毒（EHDV）的抗体。结果显示，黇鹿中WNV血清阳性率为22.3%，马鹿中为31.8%，而黇鹿中BTV血清阳性率为2.5%。所有样本的EHDV抗体均为阴性。这些发现证实了WNV和BTV在匈牙利野生有蹄类动物中的传播。虽然由于非随机抽样，该研究的设计无法进行统计分析，但它展示了将野生有蹄类动物血清监测纳入疾病监测计划的潜力，利用既定的野生动物管理活动，以一种具有成本效益的补充方法进行“同一健康”监测，特别是考虑到EHDV在欧洲的持续传播以及BTV血清型监测对有效疫苗接种策略的重要性。
