Amiri Parichehr, Hosseini Seyed Ahmad, Saghafi-Asl Maryam, Roshanravan Neda, Tootoonchian Mitra
Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2025 Mar;79(3):249-257. doi: 10.1038/s41430-024-01512-x. Epub 2024 Oct 24.
There is increasing evidence that gut metabolites have a role in the etiology of obesity. This study aimed to investigate the effects of sodium butyrate (NaB) supplementation on the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), PPAR-α, and uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) genes, as well as on the metabolic parameters and anthropometric indices in persons with obesity.
In this triple-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial, 50 individuals with obesity were randomly assigned to NaB (600 mg/day) + hypo-caloric diet or placebo group + hypo-caloric diet for 8 weeks. The study measured the participants' anthropometric characteristics, food consumption, and feelings of hunger in addition to the serum levels of metabolic indices and the mRNA expression of the PGC-1α, PPAR-α, and UCP-1 genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).
PGC-1α and UCP-1 genes expression significantly increased in NaB group compared to the placebo at the endpoint. A significant decrease in weight, BMI, and waist circumference (WC) was observed in NaB group. Among the metabolic factors, NaB significantly decreased fasting blood sugar (FBS) (P = 0.04), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (P = 0.038) and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P = 0.016). NaB could not significantly change serum GLP-1 level.
This study unveiled NaB supplementation alone cannot have significant beneficial effects on anthropometric, and biochemical factors. NaB could affect anthropometric and metabolic risk variables associated with obesity only when prescribed, along with calorie restriction.
This study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials ( https://en.irct.ir/trial/53968 ) on 31 January 2021 (registry number IRCT20190303042905N2).
越来越多的证据表明肠道代谢产物在肥胖病因中起作用。本研究旨在探讨补充丁酸钠（NaB）对过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPAR）γ共激活因子-1α（PGC-1α）、PPAR-α和解偶联蛋白-1（UCP-1）基因表达的影响，以及对肥胖人群代谢参数和人体测量指标的影响。
在这项三盲安慰剂对照随机临床试验中，50名肥胖个体被随机分配到NaB（600毫克/天）+低热量饮食组或安慰剂组+低热量饮食组，为期8周。该研究除了测量参与者的人体测量特征、食物摄入量和饥饿感外，还测量了代谢指标的血清水平以及外周血单核细胞（PBMC）中PGC-1α、PPAR-α和UCP-1基因的mRNA表达。
与安慰剂组相比，NaB组在研究终点时PGC-1α和UCP-1基因表达显著增加。NaB组体重、BMI和腰围（WC）显著降低。在代谢因素中，NaB显著降低空腹血糖（FBS）（P = 0.04）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）（P = 0.038），并升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）（P = 0.016）。NaB不能显著改变血清GLP-1水平。
本研究表明单独补充NaB对人体测量和生化因素没有显著的有益影响。只有在规定的同时进行热量限制时，NaB才会影响与肥胖相关的人体测量和代谢风险变量。
本研究于2021年1月31日在伊朗临床试验注册中心（https://en.irct.ir/trial/53968 ）注册（注册号IRCT20190303042905N2）。
