Szuflak Karolina, Gerreth Karolina, Jankowski Maurycy, Malak Roksana, Samborski Włodzimierz, Karlik Michał
Department of Phoniatrics and Audiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland.
Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2025 Jun 29;15(13):1656. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics15131656.
: The Nordic Orofacial Test-Screening (NOT-S) is a versatile tool used for the assessment of orofacial function. The aim of this study was to introduce the Polish version of the NOT-S along with the results of its cultural adaptation. : The original NOT-S was validated into the Polish language in accordance with the current questionnaire translation standards, including the cultural adaptation, which consisted of an examination of Polish society. The pilot study, as a cultural adaptation, was carried out among fifty people between the ages of 3 and 34 (Mean-15.8, SD-8.9). : During the translation, three word discrepancies were noted, and also many linguistic equivalences, such as semantic, empirical, conceptual, and other differences, were reported. The average total NOT-S score during cultural adaptation was 1.62 (SD 1.16; Range 0-5). Abnormalities in section III, i.e., habits (78%), were found most frequently in the subjects. A thorough data analysis showed statistically significant results in section IV of the interview, i.e., chewing and swallowing ( = 0.00073), and also significant results in section 3 of the examination, i.e., facial expression ( = 0.00006). : The Polish version of the NOT-S is linguistically comprehensible and culturally equivalent, and can be used for the examination of children, adolescents, and adults. The findings of this study indicate that orofacial function screening is advisable in the healthy population.
北欧口面部测试筛查(NOT-S)是一种用于评估口面部功能的多功能工具。本研究的目的是介绍NOT-S的波兰语版本及其文化适应结果。:根据当前问卷翻译标准,包括对波兰社会的考察,将原始的NOT-S翻译成波兰语并进行了文化适应。作为文化适应的预试验在50名年龄在3至34岁之间的人群中进行(平均年龄15.8岁,标准差8.9岁)。:在翻译过程中,发现了三个单词差异,还报告了许多语言等效性问题,如语义、经验、概念和其他差异。文化适应期间NOT-S的平均总分是1.62(标准差1.16;范围0-5)。在受试者中,第三部分即习惯方面的异常情况最为常见(78%)。全面的数据分析显示,访谈第四部分即咀嚼和吞咽方面有统计学显著结果(P = 0.00073),检查第三部分即面部表情方面也有显著结果(P = 0.00006)。:NOT-S的波兰语版本在语言上易于理解且在文化上等效,可用于儿童、青少年和成人的检查。本研究结果表明,在健康人群中进行口面部功能筛查是可取的。