Wang Wenyan, Zhao Guanxi, Ma Xiao, Ren Dengxun, Nie Min, Han Rui
Sichuan Special Equipment Inspection Institute, Technology Innovation Center of Hydrogen Storage-Transportation and Fueling Equipments, State Administration for Market Regulation, Chengdu 610000, China.
Key Laboratory of Materials and Surface Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Air-Ground Integration Vehicle and Control, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 Jul 1;17(13):1848. doi: 10.3390/polym17131848.
Type IV hydrogen storage cylinders are pivotal for high-pressure hydrogen storage and transportation, offering advantages such as lightweight design, high hydrogen storage density, and cost efficiency. Polyamide 6 (PA6) has emerged as a promising liner material due to its excellent mechanical strength, chemical resistance, and gas barrier properties. However, challenges remain, including high hydrogen permeability and insufficient mechanical performance under extreme temperature and pressure conditions. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in modification strategies to enhance PA6's suitability for Type IV hydrogen storage cylinders. Incorporating nanofillers (e.g., graphene, montmorillonite, and carbon nanotubes) significantly reduces hydrogen permeability. In situ polymerization and polymer blending techniques improve toughness and interfacial adhesion (e.g., ternary blends achieve a special increase in impact strength). Multiscale structural design (e.g., biaxial stretching) and process optimization further enhance PA6's overall performance. Future research should focus on interdisciplinary innovation, standardized testing protocols, and industry-academia collaboration to accelerate the commercialization of PA6-based composites for hydrogen storage applications. This review provides theoretical insights and engineering guidelines for developing high-performance liner materials.
IV型储氢瓶对于高压储氢和运输至关重要，具有轻量化设计、高储氢密度和成本效益等优点。聚酰胺6（PA6）因其优异的机械强度、耐化学性和气体阻隔性能，已成为一种有前景的内衬材料。然而，挑战依然存在，包括高氢渗透性以及在极端温度和压力条件下机械性能不足。本综述系统总结了提高PA6适用于IV型储氢瓶的改性策略的最新进展。加入纳米填料（如石墨烯、蒙脱石和碳纳米管）可显著降低氢渗透性。原位聚合和聚合物共混技术可提高韧性和界面附着力（如三元共混物实现冲击强度的特殊提高）。多尺度结构设计（如双轴拉伸）和工艺优化进一步提升了PA6的整体性能。未来的研究应聚焦于跨学科创新、标准化测试协议以及产学研合作，以加速基于PA6的复合材料在储氢应用中的商业化。本综述为开发高性能内衬材料提供了理论见解和工程指导。
