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用于评估MIMO天线中随机相位实际影响的TARC参数的深入统计分析。

An In-Depth Statistical Analysis of the TARC Parameter to Evaluate the Real Impact of Random Phases in MIMO Antennas.

作者信息

Perez-Miguel Angel, Jardon-Aguilar Hildeberto, Tirado-Mendez Jose Alfredo, Gomez-Villanueva Ricardo, Flores-Leal Ruben, Fritz-Andrade Erik

机构信息

Telecommunications Section, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City 07360, Mexico.

Electrical Engineering Department, SEPI-ESIME-Zacatenco, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN S/N, Edif. 5, Mexico City 07360, Mexico.

出版信息

Sensors (Basel). 2025 Jul 4;25(13):4171. doi: 10.3390/s25134171.

DOI:10.3390/s25134171
PMID:40648425
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12251852/
Abstract

A detailed statistical analysis of the total active reflection coefficient (TARC) is carried out in this paper for three 4-port MIMO antennas featuring different levels of isolation across its ports. This analysis is very useful to determine the most likely performance of a MIMO antenna in a real communications scenario. The TARC parameter is commonly evaluated for only several combinations of the random phase with which a signal reaches every input port of a MIMO antenna. By contrast, we have evaluated a million combinations to obtain the probability density function of the TARC, using frequency as its parameter. In this way, an expected value of the TARC is obtained for each frequency, as well as a confidence interval (ΔCITARC) where the TARC values occur with 90% probability. Additionally, we have introduced the term "TARC shadow", a visual representation of the TARC as a function of the frequency where the probability function is projected into this 2D graphic with different colors to identify the most likely values of the TARC. To demonstrate these concepts, a full TARC evaluation was performed for three 4-port MIMO antennas with increasing isolation of 12.9 dB, 25.4 dB, and 37 dB between elements, and different values of the Snn and Snm parameters, with and m= 1 to 4. From this study, the importance of the isolation among ports and its comparison with the return losses becomes evident in achieving a MIMO antenna array insensitive to random phase variations occurring in the communication channel.

摘要

本文针对三款4端口MIMO天线进行了总有源反射系数（TARC）的详细统计分析，这三款天线端口间的隔离度各不相同。该分析对于确定MIMO天线在实际通信场景中的最可能性能非常有用。通常仅针对信号到达MIMO天线每个输入端口时的随机相位的几种组合来评估TARC参数。相比之下，我们评估了一百万个组合，以频率为参数来获得TARC的概率密度函数。通过这种方式，针对每个频率获得了TARC的期望值以及TARC值以90%概率出现的置信区间（ΔCITARC）。此外，我们引入了“TARC阴影”这一术语，它是TARC作为频率函数的直观表示，其中概率函数被投影到这个二维图形中，用不同颜色来识别TARC的最可能值。为了说明这些概念，对三款4端口MIMO天线进行了完整的TARC评估，这些天线元件之间的隔离度逐渐增加，分别为12.9 dB、25.4 dB和37 dB，并且Snn和Snm参数具有不同值，其中n和m = 1至4。从这项研究中可以明显看出，端口间隔离的重要性以及它与回波损耗的比较对于实现对通信信道中发生的随机相位变化不敏感的MIMO天线阵列的重要性。

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Small-Size Eight-Element MIMO Metamaterial Antenna with High Isolation Using Modal Significance Method.基于模态重要性方法的具有高隔离度的小型八元MIMO超材料天线
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User-Centric Cell-Free Massive MIMO with Low-Resolution ADCs for Massive Access.
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Micromachines (Basel). 2023 Jun 27;14(7):1316. doi: 10.3390/mi14071316.
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A Compact High-Isolation Four-Element MIMO Antenna with Asymptote-Shaped Structure.具有渐近形结构的紧凑型高隔离四元 MIMO 天线。
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