Ruggiero Antonio, Attinà Giorgio, Talloa Dario, Mastrangelo Stefano, Romano Alberto, Maurizi Palma, Chiesa Silvia, Tamburrini Gianpiero, Olivi Alessandro, Albanese Alessio
Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
J Clin Med. 2025 Jun 24;14(13):4472. doi: 10.3390/jcm14134472.
Medulloblastoma represents a rare yet complex embryonal tumor of the posterior cranial fossa that, while predominantly affecting pediatric populations, occurs with increasing recognition among adolescents and young adults (AYAs, 15-39 years). The scarcity of medulloblastoma within this demographic creates substantial obstacles in diagnosis, treatment selection, and psychosocial management that differ markedly from established pediatric approaches. Emerging data reveal that AYA patients exhibit distinctive tumor biology, including altered molecular subgroup patterns, variable therapeutic responses, and unique survival trajectories when compared to younger patients. Current investigations examining autologous stem cell transplantation following intensive chemotherapy protocols in metastatic cases demonstrate encouraging preliminary results. Evidence increasingly supports adapting pediatric treatment paradigms for adult application, potentially improving therapeutic outcomes while reducing treatment burden. These cross-disciplinary approaches between pediatric and adult oncology demonstrate considerable promise for enhancing clinical results and minimizing therapy-associated morbidity, emphasizing the critical need for collaborative care models in managing this challenging malignancy across diverse age groups.
髓母细胞瘤是一种罕见但复杂的颅后窝胚胎性肿瘤，虽然主要影响儿童群体，但在青少年和青年成人（15至39岁的青少年和青年成人）中也越来越多地被发现。该年龄段髓母细胞瘤病例稀缺，这给诊断、治疗选择和心理社会管理带来了巨大障碍，这些障碍与既定的儿科治疗方法明显不同。新出现的数据表明，与年轻患者相比，青少年和青年成人患者表现出独特的肿瘤生物学特性，包括分子亚组模式改变、治疗反应各异以及独特的生存轨迹。目前对转移性病例强化化疗方案后进行自体干细胞移植的研究显示出令人鼓舞的初步结果。越来越多的证据支持将儿科治疗模式应用于成人，这可能改善治疗效果，同时减轻治疗负担。儿科肿瘤学和成人肿瘤学之间的这些跨学科方法在提高临床疗效和将治疗相关发病率降至最低方面显示出巨大潜力，强调了在跨不同年龄组管理这种具有挑战性的恶性肿瘤时采用协作护理模式的迫切需求。
