Rudolf von Rohr Lukas, Battanta Nadja, Vetter Cornelia, Scheinemann Katrin, Otth Maria
Division of Oncology-Hematology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, 9006 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Department of Oncology, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NW, UK.
Curr Oncol. 2025 Feb 11;32(2):101. doi: 10.3390/curroncol32020101.
Adolescents and young adults (AYAs), often defined as those aged 15-39 years, face unique challenges in oncology that are often unmet by conventional care models. This systematic review examines evidence on establishing dedicated AYA oncology units, focusing on logistical, infrastructural, and personnel-related recommendations. A PRISMA-guided search of PubMed (2000-2024) identified seven studies that emphasized early stakeholder involvement and collaboration between pediatric and adult oncology teams to ensure comprehensive care. Multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) of oncologists, nurses, and psychosocial support staff were highlighted as essential to address AYA patients' diverse needs. Care models varied, with some advocating consultation-based services and others supporting dedicated units. Priorities included increasing clinical trial enrollment, fertility counseling, and creating environments attuned to AYA patients' social and psychological needs. Key barriers included limited funding, institutional resistance, and inadequate pediatric/adult team collaboration. Despite progress, the lack of standardized guidelines and long-term data on AYA unit efficacy remains a challenge. Further research is required to develop outcome metrics, refine care models, and enhance survival and quality of life for AYA cancer patients.
青少年和青年（AYA）通常指年龄在15至39岁之间的人群，他们在肿瘤学领域面临着独特的挑战，而传统护理模式往往无法满足这些挑战。本系统综述考察了关于设立专门的AYA肿瘤科室的证据，重点关注后勤、基础设施以及人员相关的建议。按照PRISMA指南对PubMed（2000 - 2024年）进行检索，确定了七项研究，这些研究强调早期利益相关者的参与以及儿科和成人肿瘤团队之间的合作，以确保提供全面护理。肿瘤学家、护士和心理社会支持人员组成的多学科团队（MDT）被强调对于满足AYA患者的多样化需求至关重要。护理模式各不相同，一些提倡基于咨询的服务，另一些则支持设立专门科室。优先事项包括增加临床试验入组、生育咨询以及营造符合AYA患者社会和心理需求的环境。主要障碍包括资金有限、机构阻力以及儿科/成人团队合作不足。尽管取得了进展，但缺乏关于AYA科室疗效的标准化指南和长期数据仍然是一项挑战。需要进一步开展研究以制定结果指标、完善护理模式，并提高AYA癌症患者的生存率和生活质量。
