Reinhardt Elena, Bauer Lukas, Stadler Antonia H, Wilke Henrik R, Delage Arthur, Stierstorfer Jörg, Klapötke Thomas M
Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany.
Eurenco, 84700 Sorgues, France.
Molecules. 2025 Jun 28;30(13):2796. doi: 10.3390/molecules30132796.
The problems associated with TNT necessitate the development of novel melt-castable compounds with melting points between 70 and 120 °C, a crucial endeavor in the field of energetic materials. This study introduces a promising melt-castable explosive based on nitropyrazole, whose melt-castable properties were achieved by the introduction of methyl groups. The synthesis of 3,5-dinitro-4-methylnitramino-1-methylpyrazole involves a three-step process starting from 3,5-dinitro-4-chloropyrazole, including substitution, nitration, and methylation reactions. Additionally, two alternative synthesis routes and six energetic salts were examined. Structural elucidation was conducted using conventional methods such as NMR, IR, and X-ray, while the energetic properties of the compound, including thermal behavior, sensitivities, and theoretical performance, were investigated. Also, compatibility with common explosives was investigated, the experimental enthalpy of formation by bomb calorimetry was determined, and an SSRT test was performed. Furthermore, the melt-cast explosive underwent an Ames test in order to assess its toxicity.
与三硝基甲苯（TNT）相关的问题使得开发熔点在70至120°C之间的新型可熔铸化合物成为必要，这是含能材料领域的一项关键工作。本研究介绍了一种基于硝基吡唑的有前景的可熔铸炸药，其可熔铸性能是通过引入甲基实现的。3,5-二硝基-4-甲基硝氨基-1-甲基吡唑的合成涉及从3,5-二硝基-4-氯吡唑开始的三步过程，包括取代、硝化和甲基化反应。此外，还研究了两条替代合成路线和六种含能盐。使用核磁共振（NMR）、红外光谱（IR）和X射线等常规方法进行结构解析，同时研究了该化合物的含能性能，包括热行为、敏感度和理论性能。此外，还研究了与常见炸药的相容性，通过燃烧量热法测定了实验生成焓，并进行了慢速烤燃试验（SSRT）。此外，对该可熔铸炸药进行了艾姆斯试验以评估其毒性。
