Hu Shanchao, Yang Lei, Guo Shihao, Zhang Chenxi, Yin Dawang, Dou Jinhao, Cheng Yafei
College of Energy and Mining Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China.
College of Water Resource & Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
Materials (Basel). 2025 Jun 22;18(13):2948. doi: 10.3390/ma18132948.
The escalating disasters caused by the movement of shallow buried strata in China's western mining areas are increasingly threatening operational safety. A critical issue in ensuring secure mining practices in these areas is the creep failure of weakly cemented soft rock under low-stress conditions. The unique particle contact mechanisms in weakly cemented mudstone, combined with the persistence of the cemented materials and the particulate matter they form, lead to mechanical responses that differ significantly from those of typical soft rocks during loading. Building on an existing multivariate linear regression equation for new similar materials, this study developed qualified weakly cemented medium similar materials, offering appropriate materials for long-term creep tests of weakly cemented formations. This was accomplished by employing orthogonal proportioning tests. The principal findings of our investigation are as follows: The new, similar material exhibits low strength and prominent creep characteristics, accurately simulating weakly cemented materials in western mining areas. The concentration of rosin-alcohol solution has a measurable impact on key parameters, such as , , and in the weakly cemented similar material specimens. Furthermore, the creep characteristics of the specimens diminish progressively with an increase in the proportion of iron powder (I) and barite powder (B). The material was applied to a similar indoor model test simulating the weakly cemented material surrounding the auxiliary haulage roadway in Panel 20314 of the Gaojialiang Coal Mine, with speckle analysis employed for detailed examination. The experimental findings suggest that both the conventional mechanical properties and long-term creep characteristics of the material align with the required specifications, offering robust support for achieving optimal outcomes in the similar model test.
中国西部矿区浅埋地层移动引发的灾害不断升级，对生产安全构成了日益严重的威胁。确保这些地区安全开采的一个关键问题是弱胶结软岩在低应力条件下的蠕变破坏。弱胶结泥岩独特的颗粒接触机制，加上胶结材料及其形成的颗粒物质的持续性，导致其在加载过程中的力学响应与典型软岩有显著差异。本研究在现有新相似材料多元线性回归方程的基础上，通过正交配比试验研制出了合格的弱胶结中相似材料，为弱胶结地层的长期蠕变试验提供了合适的材料。我们的调查主要结果如下：新的相似材料强度低，蠕变特性突出，能准确模拟西部矿区的弱胶结材料。松香酒精溶液的浓度对弱胶结相似材料试件中的关键参数，如 、 和 有显著影响。此外，随着铁粉（I）和重晶石粉（B）比例的增加，试件的蠕变特性逐渐减弱。将该材料应用于高家梁煤矿20314盘区辅助运输巷围岩弱胶结材料的室内相似模型试验，并采用散斑分析进行详细检测。试验结果表明，该材料的常规力学性能和长期蠕变特性均符合要求，为相似模型试验取得最优结果提供了有力支持。
