Ruiz Mariana Torreglosa, Pereira Melo Brenda Cristina, Resende Cynthya Viana de, Ferreira Marianne Guterres, Cavalcanti Michele Curcino, da Silva Jéssica Aparecida, Christoffel Marialda Moreira, da Conceição Rodrigues Elisa
Federal University of Triangle Mineiro, Av. Getúlio Guaritá, 107, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, 38025-440, Brazil.
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Matern Child Health J. 2025 Jul 12. doi: 10.1007/s10995-025-04137-z.
To characterize pain and its evolution during the breastfeeding process among primiparous women.
Longitudinal study nested within a clinical trial with 102 Brazilian primiparous women, with conditions and intentions favorable to breastfeeding. Pain level was measured using the Visual Analogue Scale and the descriptors, according to McGill. Follow-up was carried out via telephone in the first and second weeks postpartum. Failure to contact within 15 days was considered a loss. Fisher's exact test was applied to evaluate the association between the occurrence of pain and exclusive breastfeeding rates, and to evaluate the evolution of pain over the period, repeated measures ANOVA and Sidak's posthoc were applied. Values of p ≤ 0.05 were considered significant.
Most participants reported moderate-intensity pain more frequently at the beginning of breastfeeding. The pain was classified as sensory and commonly described as 'pulling.' Notably, the study found pain scores, severe pain scores, and pain sensation descriptors reduced from hospitalization to two weeks after birth (p < 0.001). The study also found that pain in the second week postpartum was associated with lower rates of exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.017), highlighting the need for early intervention and support to ensure successful breastfeeding.
The study revealed nipple pain scores and qualifiers, its sensation during the breastfeeding process, and its evolution. Assessment and support in cases of this complaint are recommended.
描述初产妇母乳喂养过程中的疼痛及其演变情况。
在一项针对102名巴西初产妇的临床试验中进行纵向研究，这些产妇具备有利于母乳喂养的条件和意愿。根据麦吉尔疼痛问卷，使用视觉模拟量表和描述词来测量疼痛程度。在产后第一周和第二周通过电话进行随访。15天内未能联系上则视为失访。应用Fisher精确检验来评估疼痛发生与纯母乳喂养率之间的关联，并评估这段时间内疼痛的演变情况，应用重复测量方差分析和Sidak事后检验。p≤0.05的值被认为具有统计学意义。
大多数参与者报告在母乳喂养开始时更频繁地出现中度疼痛。疼痛被归类为感觉性疼痛，通常描述为“牵拉感”。值得注意的是，研究发现从住院到出生后两周，疼痛评分、重度疼痛评分和疼痛感觉描述词均有所降低（p<0.001）。研究还发现产后第二周的疼痛与较低的纯母乳喂养率相关（p=0.017），这突出了早期干预和支持以确保成功母乳喂养的必要性。
该研究揭示了乳头疼痛评分及描述词、母乳喂养过程中的疼痛感觉及其演变情况。建议对这种情况进行评估和提供支持。
