Naveed Tooba, Ali Shaukat, Summer Muhammad
Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
Med Oncol. 2025 Jul 13;42(8):328. doi: 10.1007/s12032-025-02894-z.
Raphanus sativus or radish is rich in bioactive compounds such as phenolic, antioxidant enzymes, carbohydrates, glucosinolates, terpenes, coumarins, alkaloids, flavonoids (anthocyanin), amino acids, carotenoids, organic acids, and isothiocyanates that have antioxidant and chemopreventive properties. The prominent compounds present in radish are glucosinolates, isothiocyanates, sulforaphane, flavonoids, phenethyl isothiocyanates, etc., that through various mechanisms play an important role in the prevention and treatment of various cancers such as, liver, prostate, colon, oral, lung, cervical, breast, blood, and gastric cancers. The major mechanisms involved are alterations in biotransformation enzymes, such as Phase I and Phase II enzymes, which could help the body detoxify or remove xenobiotics; apoptotic induction caused by secondary glucosinolate metabolites; anti-tumorigenesis through preventing angiogenesis, invasion, migration, and metastasis of cancer cells; using cell cycle arrest to limit the development of cancer cells; anti-proliferation; and antioxidant potential and modulation of epigenetic. These bioactive compounds also exhibit anti-tumor mechanisms that target various cancer cell lines. This review highlights the mechanistic role of various bioactive compounds present in Raphanus sativus for the treatment and prevention of various cancers and also explains their role in various cancer cell lines.
萝卜（Raphanus sativus）富含多种生物活性化合物，如酚类、抗氧化酶、碳水化合物、硫代葡萄糖苷、萜类、香豆素、生物碱、黄酮类（花青素）、氨基酸、类胡萝卜素、有机酸和异硫氰酸盐等，这些物质具有抗氧化和化学预防特性。萝卜中含有的主要化合物包括硫代葡萄糖苷、异硫氰酸盐、萝卜硫素、黄酮类、苯乙基异硫氰酸盐等，它们通过多种机制在预防和治疗多种癌症（如肝癌、前列腺癌、结肠癌、口腔癌、肺癌、宫颈癌、乳腺癌、血癌和胃癌）中发挥重要作用。涉及的主要机制包括生物转化酶（如I相和II相酶）的改变，这有助于身体对异源生物进行解毒或清除；次生硫代葡萄糖苷代谢产物引起的细胞凋亡诱导；通过防止癌细胞的血管生成、侵袭、迁移和转移来实现抗肿瘤发生；利用细胞周期停滞来限制癌细胞的发展；抗增殖；以及抗氧化潜力和表观遗传调控。这些生物活性化合物还展现出针对各种癌细胞系的抗肿瘤机制。本综述重点介绍了萝卜中各种生物活性化合物在治疗和预防多种癌症方面的作用机制，并解释了它们在各种癌细胞系中的作用。
