Gautier Josselin, Bowers Norick R, Banks Martin S, Roorda Austin
Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of California, Berkeley, USA.
LTSI, Inserm UMR 1099, University of Rennes, France.
bioRxiv. 2025 May 6:2025.04.30.650879. doi: 10.1101/2025.04.30.650879.
Humans exhibit machine-like eye-movement behavior in space and time while performing challenging visual resolution tasks. Fewer microsaccades occur as stimulus presentation is imminent. Drifts and microsaccades combine to confine the landing location of an anticipated visual stimulus to a tiny retinal region: the preferred retinal locus (PRL). We find that this location confers the best visual acuity despite it being offset from the anatomical fovea (the location of maximum cone density). We also find that acuity is best when the last microsaccade occurs 400msec or longer before stimulus presentation. The machine-like eye movements are involuntary and not perceived. Our findings thus reveal a highly evolved oculomotor system such that gaze direction during fixation is rarely far enough from the PRL to cause a decline in visual resolution.
人类在执行具有挑战性的视觉分辨任务时，在时空上表现出类似机器的眼动行为。随着刺激呈现临近，微扫视次数减少。漂移和微扫视共同作用，将预期视觉刺激的落点限制在一个微小的视网膜区域：最佳视网膜位点（PRL）。我们发现，尽管该位置偏离了解剖学中央凹（视锥细胞密度最大的位置），但却赋予了最佳视力。我们还发现，当最后一次微扫视发生在刺激呈现前400毫秒或更长时间时，视力最佳。这种类似机器的眼动是无意识的，也不会被感知到。因此，我们的研究结果揭示了一个高度进化的动眼系统，使得注视过程中的注视方向很少会离最佳视网膜位点太远而导致视觉分辨率下降。
