Gupta Arnav, Tran Jason, Fabiano Nicholas, Dhir Vinita, Larose Katherine, Lasker Iris, Wong Stanley, Mohammad Ibrahim Y Z, Le Steven, Shorr Risa, Bellato Alessio, Cortese Samuele, Zampieri Andrea, Solmi Marco
Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
College of Public Health, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA.
Neurosci Appl. 2024 Feb 12;3:104046. doi: 10.1016/j.nsa.2024.104046. eCollection 2024.
This systematic review synthesized the existing literature to summarize colour vision disturbances experienced by patients with schizophrenia. A comprehensive literature search compliant with PRISMA-2020 was conducted in Medline and Embase from inception to February 28, 2023. Studies were included if they: (1) included people diagnosed with schizophrenia, (2) investigated colour vision, (3) had a comparator with or without schizophrenia. Study quality appraisal was performed using the NIH Study Quality Assessment Tool. Seven studies of fair quality with 695 patients were included, of whom, 46.5% (n = 323) patients were diagnosed with a schizophrenia-spectrum disorder. Compared to healthy controls, patients with schizophrenia either made more mistakes in discriminating between colours, or were delayed in recognizing colours. One study found that Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS) scores correlated weakly with error scores related to colour vision impairments. The most common shortcomings were lack of sample size justification (k = 7, 100%), and lack of blinding (k = 7, 100%). Our review indicates early evidence of colour vision deficits among patients with schizophrenia, and an unclear relationship between severity of schizophrenia with colour vision deficits. Possible mechanisms may include alterations in retinal dopamine transmission or schizophrenia-related cognitive deficits interacting with colour vision outcomes. Future studies may benefit from large registry analyses of patients with various schizophrenia spectrum disorders, analyzing ocular parameters (e.g., OCT), collecting data on cognitive impairment, and pursuing multivariate analyses to elucidate mechanisms for schizophrenia-related colour vision changes.
本系统评价综合了现有文献，以总结精神分裂症患者所经历的色觉障碍。从创刊至2023年2月28日，在Medline和Embase中进行了符合PRISMA - 2020的全面文献检索。纳入的研究需满足以下条件：（1）纳入被诊断为精神分裂症的人群；（2）调查色觉；（3）有精神分裂症患者与无精神分裂症患者的对照。使用美国国立卫生研究院研究质量评估工具进行研究质量评估。纳入了7项质量中等的研究，共695例患者，其中46.5%（n = 323）的患者被诊断为精神分裂症谱系障碍。与健康对照相比，精神分裂症患者在辨别颜色时犯错更多，或者识别颜色的时间延迟。一项研究发现，精神分裂症阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）得分与色觉障碍相关的错误得分之间存在弱相关性。最常见的缺点是缺乏样本量合理性说明（k = 7，100%）和缺乏盲法（k = 7，100%）。我们的综述表明，有早期证据显示精神分裂症患者存在色觉缺陷，且精神分裂症严重程度与色觉缺陷之间的关系尚不明确。可能的机制包括视网膜多巴胺传递改变或与色觉结果相互作用的精神分裂症相关认知缺陷。未来的研究可能受益于对各种精神分裂症谱系障碍患者进行的大型登记分析，分析眼部参数（如光学相干断层扫描），收集认知障碍数据，并进行多变量分析以阐明精神分裂症相关色觉变化的机制。
