Ferioli Davide, Freitas Tomás T, Mannucci Carmen, Chung Linda, Mombelli Andrea, Alcaraz Pedro E, Maffiuletti Nicola A
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dental Sciences, and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
Biol Sport. 2025 Apr 1;42(3):327-334. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2025.148546. eCollection 2025 Jul.
This study investigated the etiology and recovery of knee extensor muscle fatigue following simulated basketball match-play. Thirteen adult male competitive basketball players (age: 25 ± 4 years, stature: 185 ± 9 cm, body mass: 86 ± 14 kg, body fat: 13 ± 4%) completed a simulated match-play (i.e., the Basketball Activity Simulation Protocol) consisting of standardized specific match-based basketball activities. Before (PRE) and immediately after (POST) the match-play, the neuromuscular function of the knee extensors was evaluated to determine the amount of muscle fatigue and its origin. Assessments were also repeated 24 h (POST24) and 48 h (POST48) after the match-play to evaluate muscle fatigue recovery. The main outcomes were maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) torque, voluntary activation estimated through superimposed stimuli, electrically-evoked twitch and doublet peak torque (PT), and the 10:100 Hz doublet ratio. The Total Quality Recovery (TQR) scale was used to assess the perceived recovery status at PRE, POST24 and POST48. Time-related changes (oneway repeated-measures ANOVA) were observed for MVC torque (main effect: P = 0.002, moderate; post hoc: POST < PRE, small), twitch and doublet PT (P < 0.001, strong; POST < PRE, POST24 and POST48, moderate-to-large) and 10:100 Hz doublet ratio (P < 0.001, strong; POST < PRE, POST24 and POST48, large; POST48 > PRE, moderate). Voluntary activation and TQR were not affected at the different time-points (P = 0.060 and P = 0.455, minimum, respectively). In conclusion, basketball match-play significantly reduced knee extensor MVC strength, with baseline levels being restored within 24 h. Muscle fatigue was accompanied by a significant pre-to-post match reduction of electrically-evoked torque responses, indicative of peripheral fatigue (and evidence of low-frequency fatigue), while no signs of central fatigue were noted.
本研究调查了模拟篮球比赛后膝伸肌疲劳的病因及恢复情况。13名成年男性竞技篮球运动员（年龄：25±4岁，身高：185±9厘米，体重：86±14千克，体脂率：13±4%）完成了一项模拟比赛（即篮球活动模拟方案），该方案由标准化的特定比赛类篮球活动组成。在比赛前（PRE）和比赛结束后立即（POST），评估膝伸肌的神经肌肉功能，以确定肌肉疲劳程度及其来源。在比赛结束后24小时（POST24）和48小时（POST48）也重复进行评估，以评估肌肉疲劳恢复情况。主要结果包括最大自主收缩（MVC）扭矩、通过叠加刺激估计的自主激活、电诱发抽搐和双脉冲峰值扭矩（PT）以及10:100赫兹双脉冲比率。使用总体质量恢复（TQR）量表评估PRE、POST24和POST48时的自我感觉恢复状态。观察到MVC扭矩（主效应：P = 0.002，中等；事后检验：POST < PRE，小）、抽搐和双脉冲PT（P < 0.001，强；POST < PRE，POST24和POST48，中到大）以及10:100赫兹双脉冲比率（P < 0.001，强；POST < PRE，POST24和POST48，大；POST48 > PRE，中等）随时间的变化（单向重复测量方差分析）。自主激活和TQR在不同时间点未受影响（分别为P = 0.060和P = 0.455，最小）。总之，篮球比赛显著降低了膝伸肌的MVC强度，基线水平在24小时内恢复。肌肉疲劳伴随着比赛前后电诱发扭矩反应的显著降低，表明存在外周疲劳（以及低频疲劳的证据），而未发现中枢疲劳的迹象。
