Sonuga Ayobola A, Sonuga Oyebola O, Olawale Olatunbosun O, Ogundeji Sunday P
Department of Biochemistry, Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Department of Chemical Pathology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2025 May 2;25(1):105-113. doi: 10.18295/squmj.10.2024.054. eCollection 2025.
Sickle cell anaemia (SCA) is characterised by nutritional deficiencies and oxidative stress. Vitamin D possesses antioxidant properties; however, its role in SCA within sub-Saharan Africa remains inadequately understood. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between vitamin D status, oxidative stress and antioxidant levels in children with SCA, exploring its possible role in mitigating complications associated with oxidative stress in SCA.
This study was conducted for a period of 9 months from November 2022 until July 2023 at the Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital (OOUTH), Sagamu, Nigeria. This case-control study involved 100 HbS genotype and 100 HbA genotype children (control group), all of whom were of comparable age (5-12 years). Baseline characteristics were collected, and serum levels of vitamin D, calcium, CAT, SOD, GPX, GST and XO were quantified using standard laboratory methods.
Serum levels of vitamin D, calcium, CAT, SOD, GPX and GST were significantly lower in the SCA group compared to the control group. Conversely, the XO level was significantly higher in the HbS group than in the control group. A positive correlation was observed between vitamin D, CAT and SOD (r = 0.821, 0.869), a weak positive association was found between vitamin D and Calcium (r = 0.545), and no significant relationship was identified between vitamin D and the other measured variables in the SCA group.
Sufficient vitamin D levels may positively influence the antioxidant status in SCA individuals, thereby reducing associated complications.
镰状细胞贫血（SCA）的特征是营养缺乏和氧化应激。维生素D具有抗氧化特性；然而，其在撒哈拉以南非洲地区SCA中的作用仍未得到充分了解。本研究旨在调查SCA患儿维生素D状态、氧化应激和抗氧化水平之间的关系，探讨其在减轻SCA中与氧化应激相关并发症方面的可能作用。
本研究于2022年11月至2023年7月在尼日利亚萨加穆的奥拉比斯·奥纳班乔大学教学医院（OOUTH）进行，为期9个月。这项病例对照研究涉及100名HbS基因型儿童和100名HbA基因型儿童（对照组），所有儿童年龄相当（5至12岁）。收集基线特征，并使用标准实验室方法对维生素D、钙、CAT、SOD、GPX、GST和XO的血清水平进行定量。
与对照组相比，SCA组的维生素D、钙、CAT、SOD、GPX和GST血清水平显著降低。相反，HbS组的XO水平显著高于对照组。维生素D、CAT和SOD之间存在正相关（r = 0.821，0.869），维生素D与钙之间存在弱正相关（r = 0.545），在SCA组中未发现维生素D与其他测量变量之间存在显著关系。
充足的维生素D水平可能对SCA个体的抗氧化状态产生积极影响，从而减少相关并发症。
