Magnus Kathleen D, Dammann Niklas, Lüdecke Daniel
Institute of Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
PLoS One. 2025 Jul 14;20(7):e0328045. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0328045. eCollection 2025.
Numerous studies in Western countries have linked vaccine hesitancy to populist political leanings. This study focused on Germany, where there has been considerable debate as to whether this hesitancy is common across the political spectrum, fueled equally by right and left populist extremes, or driven primarily by the populist radical right. The aim of this study was to determine whether and to what extent two specific aspects of vaccine readiness -- trust and collective responsibility -- correlate with political party preferences in Germany. Evidence from a large-scale survey of German citizens (n = 2,191) showed that even after adjusting for gender, age, and education level, several indicators of vaccine hesitancy were most pronounced among supporters of Germany's far-right populist party, the Alternative for Germany. Though these voters expressed a degree of vaccine readiness on some of the measures, they deviated significantly from all other voting groups in the direction of vaccine hesitancy on every measure. Green party voters expressed the strongest vaccine readiness, with the other major parties following close behind. The belief that the medical establishment profited excessively during the pandemic was prevalent across all parties. Taken together, these results suggest that political affiliations may play a sizeable role in views about vaccines. Results also affirm the importance that public trust and collective responsibility have for the realization of public health goals.
西方国家的众多研究已将疫苗犹豫与民粹主义政治倾向联系起来。本研究聚焦于德国，关于这种犹豫在整个政治谱系中是否普遍存在，是由左右翼民粹主义极端势力同等推动，还是主要由极右翼民粹主义驱动，一直存在相当多的争论。本研究的目的是确定疫苗准备程度的两个具体方面——信任和集体责任——在德国是否以及在多大程度上与政党偏好相关。来自对德国公民的大规模调查（n = 2191）的证据表明，即使在对性别、年龄和教育水平进行调整之后，疫苗犹豫的几个指标在德国极右翼民粹主义政党德国选择党的支持者中最为明显。尽管这些选民在某些指标上表现出一定程度的疫苗准备程度，但在每项指标上，他们在疫苗犹豫的方向上与所有其他投票群体都有显著差异。绿党选民表现出最强的疫苗准备程度，其他主要政党紧随其后。认为医疗机构在疫情期间获利过多的看法在所有政党中都很普遍。综合来看，这些结果表明政治派别可能在对疫苗的看法中发挥相当大的作用。结果还证实了公众信任和集体责任对实现公共卫生目标的重要性。
