Sugawara Yuka, Iwagami Masao, Sakurai Yuki, Kikuchi Kan, Nangaku Masaomi
Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Health Services Research, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Nephrology (Carlton). 2025 Jul;30(7):e70093. doi: 10.1111/nep.70093.
To evaluate the effectiveness of the third, fourth, and fifth booster doses (rolled out in December 2021, June 2022, and October 2022, respectively) of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine in Japanese haemodialysis patients during the Omicron era.
We analysed the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy Renal Data Registry (JRDR) year-end survey data from 2021 to 2022, which included information on the number of vaccinations and the most recent vaccination and infection months. For each month of 2022, the COVID-19 infection and related mortality risks were calculated by vaccination status, followed by logistic regression analyses to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs).
Overall, 225 887 patients were analysed, including 13 440 (5.9%), 25 547 (11.3%), 64 242 (28.4%), and 122 658 (54.3%) with ≤ 2, 3, 4, and 5 doses at the end of 2022, respectively. The third dose was significantly correlated with a lower risk of COVID-19 infection in early 2022 (March: aOR 0.53 [0.43-0.64]; April: 0.77 [0.63-0.95]) but was associated with a higher risk during mid-2022, coinciding with the BA.1/2 to BA.5 transition (July: 1.65 [1.39-1.95]; August: 2.37 [2.06-2.71]). The third dose consistently correlated with reduced COVID-19-related mortality. The fourth and fifth doses correlated with lower infection risk and COVID-19-related mortality throughout the period.
Among Japanese haemodialysis patients, the third to fifth COVID-19 vaccine doses were associated with reduced infection risk (except in July and August for third doses) and mortality.
评估2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫苗的第三、第四和第五剂加强针（分别于2021年12月、2022年6月和2022年10月推出）在奥密克戎时代对日本血液透析患者的有效性。
我们分析了日本透析治疗学会肾脏数据登记处（JRDR）2021年至2022年的年终调查数据，其中包括疫苗接种次数以及最近一次接种和感染月份的信息。对于2022年的每个月，根据疫苗接种状况计算COVID-19感染及相关死亡风险，随后进行逻辑回归分析以估计调整后的比值比（aORs）。
总体而言，共分析了225887名患者，其中在2022年底分别接种≤2剂、3剂、4剂和5剂的患者有13440名（5.9%）、25547名（11.3%）、64242名（28.4%）和122658名（54.3%）。第三剂加强针与2022年初较低的COVID-19感染风险显著相关（3月：aOR 0.53[0.43 - 0.64]；4月：0.77[0.63 - 0.95]），但在2022年年中与较高风险相关，这与BA.1/2向BA.5的转变相吻合（7月：1.65[1.39 - 1.95]；8月：2.37[2.06 - 2.71]）。第三剂加强针始终与降低COVID-19相关死亡率相关。第四剂和第五剂加强针在整个期间与较低的感染风险和COVID-19相关死亡率相关。
在日本血液透析患者中，第三至第五剂COVID-19疫苗与降低感染风险（第三剂在7月和8月除外）和死亡率相关。
