Canh Hoang Dinh, Tham Ngu Thi, Tram Que Anh, Loi Cao Ba, Tran-Anh Le
National Institute of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology, Nam Tu Liem, Ha Noi, Vietnam.
Thai Thuong Hoang Hospital, Vinh, Nghe An, Vietnam.
Curr Med Mycol. 2024 Dec 31;10. doi: 10.22034/cmm.2025.345307.1583. eCollection 2024.
Oral candidiasis (OC) is a common condition in HIV-infected individuals. This study aimed to identify the prevalence, associated factors, and causative agents of OC among HIV-infected patients in a general hospital in Vietnam.
The study involved 393 HIV-infected individuals treated at The Tropical Diseases Center, Nghe An General Friendship Hospital, Vinh, Nghe An, Vietnam from January 2022 to May 2024. The sample collected from the buccal mucosa was seeded onto CHROMagar to isolate and identify the causative yeasts. Molecular identification was performed with restriction fragment length polymorphism assay using MspI restriction enzyme and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region.
The prevalence of OC was 10.7% (95% confidence interval 7.6 - 13.8). Patients with late WHO HIV clinical stage, poorer hygienic condition, or use of prosthetic were at a higher risk of OC. Ten yeast species were isolated, and 10 (23.8%) patients carried more than one type of yeast species. Out of 54 obtained isolates, comprised the most (62.9% isolates and 80.9% patients), followed by (16.4% and 21.4% respectively). Overall, 27 patients (64.3%) were infected with , and 15 patients (35.7%) were infected with non- , alone or in combination with
The prevalence of OC in HIV-infected patients was low and associated with both systemic and local factors. was still the most common species but non- or coexistence of species is frequent.
口腔念珠菌病（OC）在HIV感染者中较为常见。本研究旨在确定越南一家综合医院中HIV感染患者OC的患病率、相关因素及病原体。
本研究纳入了2022年1月至2024年5月在越南义安省荣市义安综合友谊医院热带病中心接受治疗的393例HIV感染者。从颊黏膜采集的样本接种于科玛嘉显色培养基上，以分离和鉴定致病性酵母菌。使用MspI限制性内切酶通过限制性片段长度多态性分析和内部转录间隔区（ITS）区域测序进行分子鉴定。
OC的患病率为10.7%（95%置信区间7.6 - 13.8）。WHO HIV临床晚期、卫生条件较差或使用假牙的患者患OC的风险更高。分离出10种酵母菌，10例（23.8%）患者携带不止一种酵母菌。在54株分离株中，白色念珠菌占比最高（62.9%的分离株和80.9%的患者），其次是热带念珠菌（分别为16.4%和21.4%）。总体而言，27例患者（64.3%）感染白色念珠菌，15例患者（35.7%）感染非白色念珠菌，单独感染或与白色念珠菌合并感染。
HIV感染患者中OC的患病率较低，且与全身和局部因素有关。白色念珠菌仍是最常见的菌种，但非白色念珠菌或多种念珠菌共存的情况较为常见。
