Margerison Claire E, Joachim Grace E, Michling Tim R, Johnson Candice Y
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.
Am J Ind Med. 2025 Sep;68(9):729-739. doi: 10.1002/ajim.70007. Epub 2025 Jul 15.
We sought to assess the size, depth, and rigor of empirical literature on platform-mediated gig work and health.
We conducted a scoping review of peer-reviewed studies from January 1, 2000, through May 29, 2024, that examined platform-mediated gig work and any measure of physical or mental health. We abstracted country, study design, population, sample size, exposure measure, and health outcome. We assessed whether the study addressed any of three potential mechanisms connecting gig work and health: occupational hazards, social determinants, or the specific nature of digital platforms.
We identified 45 total studies examining transportation safety (n = 12), work-related injuries (n = 4), other physical health outcomes (n = 5), COVID-19 vulnerabilities (n = 10), mental health (n = 10), mental well-being (n = 18), and safety (n = 12). These categories were not mutually exclusive. Cross-sectional and qualitative studies identified physical and mental health problems among gig workers, but the literature lacks study population-representative designs, prospective data, comparisons of gig workers to other similar non-gig workers (i.e., external comparison groups), and validated measures of physical health.
Platform-mediated gig work may have unique impacts on health, but causal evidence is lacking. Future research should examine how the nature of digital platforms-specifically, algorithmic control, ratings, and surveillance-impacts health of workers.
我们试图评估关于平台介导的零工经济与健康的实证文献的规模、深度和严谨性。
我们对2000年1月1日至2024年5月29日期间的同行评审研究进行了范围综述，这些研究考察了平台介导的零工经济以及任何身体或心理健康指标。我们提取了国家、研究设计、人群、样本量、暴露指标和健康结果等信息。我们评估了该研究是否涉及连接零工经济与健康的三种潜在机制中的任何一种：职业危害、社会决定因素或数字平台的特定性质。
我们共识别出45项研究，涉及运输安全（n = 12）、工伤（n = 4）、其他身体健康结果（n = 5）、新冠病毒易感性（n = 10）、心理健康（n = 10）、心理幸福感（n = 18）和安全（n = 12）。这些类别并非相互排斥。横断面研究和定性研究确定了零工劳动者存在身心健康问题，但文献缺乏具有研究人群代表性的设计、前瞻性数据、将零工劳动者与其他类似的非零工劳动者（即外部对照组）进行比较，以及经过验证的身体健康指标。
平台介导的零工经济可能对健康有独特影响，但缺乏因果证据。未来的研究应考察数字平台的性质——具体而言，算法控制、评分和监督——如何影响劳动者的健康。
