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[妇科癌症女性患者的警报症状描述]

[Description of alarm symptoms in women with gynecologic cancer].

作者信息

Sánchez-Galindo Blanca, Rabanales-Sotos Joseba, López-González Ángel, Sánchez-Martínez Carmen María, Castaño-Díaz Marta, López-Torres Hidalgo Jesús

机构信息

Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), Albacete, España.

Grupo de Actividades Preventivas en el ámbito universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (UCLM), Albacete, España; Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, España; Fundación para el Desarrollo de la Enfermería (FUDEN), Madrid, España.

出版信息

Aten Primaria. 2025 Jul 15;57(12):103337. doi: 10.1016/j.aprim.2025.103337.

DOI:10.1016/j.aprim.2025.103337
PMID:40669124
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12282189/
Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To describe the presentation of gynecological cancer in primary care, quantifying the presence of alarm symptoms and establishing their relationship with the interval of time until diagnosis and treatment.

DESIGN

Retrospective study of a cohort of women with gynecological cancer.

PLACEMENT

Thirty family medicine consultations.

PARTICIPANTS

One hundred thirty-eightwomen (period 2014-2023).

MAIN MEASUREMENTS

Characteristics of the patients, the care process, and the disease. Time intervals considered: patient, primary care, diagnosis, and total interval.

RESULTS

Most were diagnosed in early stages, except for ovarian cancer. The most frequent presenting symptom in endometrial and cervical cancer was postmenopausal metrorrhagia, in ovarian cancer it was abdominal distension, and in vulvar cancer it was vulvar ulcer. In endometrial cancer, both age and the number of health problems were higher (P=.01) in women with alarm symptoms. In ovarian cancer, alarm symptoms were more frequent (P=.04) in women with higher comorbidity. Overall, 87.1% presented some specific alarm symptoms for each tumor. In ovarian cancer, alarm symptoms were associated with a shorter interval until treatment (P=.04).

CONCLUSIONS

Most women with gynecological cancer are diagnosed at early stages, except for ovarian cancer. A high proportion present alarm symptom, related to the interval of time until diagnosis and treatment in ovarian cancer. .

摘要

目的

描述初级保健中妇科癌症的表现，量化警示症状的存在情况，并确定其与诊断和治疗间隔时间的关系。

设计

对一组妇科癌症女性进行回顾性研究。

地点

30次家庭医学会诊。

参与者

138名女性（2014 - 2023年期间）。

主要测量指标

患者特征、护理过程和疾病情况。考虑的时间间隔：患者、初级保健、诊断和总间隔。

结果

除卵巢癌外，大多数患者在早期被诊断。子宫内膜癌和宫颈癌最常见的症状是绝经后子宫出血，卵巢癌是腹胀，外阴癌是外阴溃疡。在子宫内膜癌中，有警示症状的女性年龄和健康问题数量都更高（P = 0.01）。在卵巢癌中，合并症较高的女性警示症状更频繁（P = 0.04）。总体而言，87.1%的患者出现了每种肿瘤的一些特定警示症状。在卵巢癌中，警示症状与治疗前间隔时间较短有关（P = 0.04）。

结论

除卵巢癌外，大多数妇科癌症女性在早期被诊断。很大一部分患者出现警示症状，这与卵巢癌诊断和治疗的间隔时间有关。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3498/12282189/b14120c62031/gr1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3498/12282189/d2a3f67d4b9b/fx1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3498/12282189/b14120c62031/gr1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3498/12282189/d2a3f67d4b9b/fx1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3498/12282189/b14120c62031/gr1.jpg

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本文引用的文献

1
Early Diagnosis of Ovarian Cancer: A Comprehensive Review of the Advances, Challenges, and Future Directions.卵巢癌的早期诊断：进展、挑战及未来方向综述
Diagnostics (Basel). 2025 Feb 7;15(4):406. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics15040406.
2
Management of Patients with Vulvar Cancers: A Systematic Comparison of International Guidelines (NCCN-ASCO-ESGO-BGCS-IGCS-FIGO-French Guidelines-RCOG).外阴癌患者的管理：国际指南（美国国立综合癌症网络-美国临床肿瘤学会-欧洲妇科肿瘤学会-巴西妇科肿瘤学会-国际妇产科联盟-法国指南-英国皇家妇产科医师学院）的系统比较
Cancers (Basel). 2025 Jan 8;17(2):186. doi: 10.3390/cancers17020186.
3
[Cancer prevention recommendations: Update 2024].
[癌症预防建议：2024年更新]
Aten Primaria. 2024 Nov;56 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):103128. doi: 10.1016/j.aprim.2024.103128.
4
Global burden of gynaecological cancers in 2022 and projections to 2050.2022 年全球妇科癌症负担及 2050 年预测。
J Glob Health. 2024 Aug 16;14:04155. doi: 10.7189/jogh.14.04155.
5
Patient delay and related influencing factors in Chinese women under 35 years diagnosed with cervical cancer: A cross-sectional study.35岁以下中国宫颈癌确诊女性的患者延迟及相关影响因素：一项横断面研究。
Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs. 2022 Nov 15;10(2):100165. doi: 10.1016/j.apjon.2022.100165. eCollection 2023 Feb.
6
[PAPPS Expert Groups. Cancer prevention recommendations: Update 2022].[PAPPS专家小组。癌症预防建议：2022年更新]
Aten Primaria. 2022 Oct;54 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):102440. doi: 10.1016/j.aprim.2022.102440.
7
Executive Summary of the Uterine Cancer Evidence Review Conference.子宫癌证据审查会议执行摘要
Obstet Gynecol. 2022 Apr 1;139(4):626-643. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000004711. Epub 2022 Mar 10.
8
Impact of a delayed diagnosis of vulvar cancer and its association with HIV infection: A 4-year review at a tertiary hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.外阴癌延迟诊断的影响及其与HIV感染的关联：南非夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省一家三级医院的4年回顾
South Afr J HIV Med. 2021 Sep 8;22(1):1272. doi: 10.4102/sajhivmed.v22i1.1272. eCollection 2021.
9
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Pak J Med Sci. 2021 May-Jun;37(3):621-627. doi: 10.12669/pjms.37.3.3596.
10
Signs and symptoms associated with uterine cancer in pre- and postmenopausal women.绝经前后女性子宫癌相关的体征和症状。
Heliyon. 2020 Nov 4;6(11):e05372. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05372. eCollection 2020 Nov.