Kwan Mia G, Lipsky Leah M, Burger Kyle S, Shearrer Grace E, Nansel Tonja R
Social and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture, Life Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA.
Nutr Res. 2025 Jun 21;140:69-76. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.06.007.
While sweetened beverage intake is associated with weight and glycemic outcomes in the general population, relations during pregnancy are unclear. This prospective observational study tested the hypothesis that greater sweetened beverage intake would be associated with higher pregnancy-related weight change and glucose regulation biomarkers. The Pregnancy Eating Attributes Study recruited participants with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies ≤12 weeks gestation and no major chronic illness from 2 obstetrics clinics in the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Healthcare System from November 2014 to October 2016. Data from participants with completed pregnancy dietary recalls (n = 365) were analyzed. Intake (oz) of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and non-nutritive sweetened beverages (NNSB) was calculated from 24-h dietary recalls across pregnancy and across postpartum. Weight was measured throughout pregnancy to 1-year postpartum to determine gestational weight gain adequacy and 1-year postpartum weight retention; fasting blood glucose and insulin were obtained in the 2nd trimester. Multinomial logistic regressions estimated associations of sweetened beverage intake with gestational weight gain adequacy; linear regressions estimated associations of sweetened beverage intake with postpartum weight retention, fasting blood glucose, and insulin. In analyses adjusted for age, household income-poverty ratio, education, marital status, and physical activity, neither SSB nor NNSB intake during pregnancy was associated with excessive gestational weight gain, postpartum weight retention, fasting glucose or fasting insulin. Additionally, SSB and NNSB intake in postpartum were unassociated with postpartum weight retention. Sweetened beverages may not contribute to excess pregnancy-related weight gain or glucose dysregulation within the moderate range of intake observed in this sample.
虽然在普通人群中，摄入甜味饮料与体重及血糖结果相关，但孕期的这种关系尚不清楚。这项前瞻性观察性研究检验了以下假设：较高的甜味饮料摄入量会与更高的孕期体重变化及血糖调节生物标志物相关。“孕期饮食属性研究”于2014年11月至2016年10月期间，从北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校医疗系统的2家产科诊所招募了妊娠≤12周、无复杂情况的单胎妊娠且无重大慢性病的参与者。对完成孕期饮食回忆的参与者（n = 365）的数据进行了分析。通过整个孕期及产后的24小时饮食回忆来计算含糖甜味饮料（SSB）和非营养性甜味饮料（NNSB）的摄入量（盎司）。在整个孕期至产后1年测量体重，以确定孕期体重增加是否充足以及产后1年的体重保留情况；在孕中期获取空腹血糖和胰岛素水平。多项逻辑回归估计甜味饮料摄入量与孕期体重增加充足情况之间的关联；线性回归估计甜味饮料摄入量与产后体重保留、空腹血糖和胰岛素之间的关联。在对年龄、家庭收入贫困率、教育程度、婚姻状况和身体活动进行调整的分析中，孕期的SSB和NNSB摄入量均与过度的孕期体重增加、产后体重保留、空腹血糖或空腹胰岛素无关。此外，产后的SSB和NNSB摄入量与产后体重保留无关。在本样本观察到的适度摄入范围内，甜味饮料可能不会导致与妊娠相关的体重过度增加或血糖失调。
