Mosaddad Seyed Ali, Khorasani Erfan, Schimmel Martin, Santos Alejandro Treviño, Pieralli Stefano, Çakmak Gülce, Molinero-Mourelle Pedro
Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Department of Conservative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Research Committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; USERN office, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
J Dent. 2025 Oct;161:105983. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105983. Epub 2025 Jul 14.
To assess whether resin-modified 3D-printed denture base resins demonstrate improved mechanical, physical, surface, and biological properties compared to unmodified counterparts.
Meta-analyses were conducted using a random-effects model. The subgroup analyses explored sources of heterogeneity. Sensitivity analyses and publication bias assessments were performed using leave-one-out tests, funnel plots, and Egger's and Begg's tests. The methodological quality of included studies was appraised using the QUIN tools.
A systematic search was conducted across five electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library) and Google Scholar, as of January 2025.
Thirty-four in vitro studies comparing resin-modified and unmodified 3D-printed complete denture base materials were included.
Meta-analyses revealed that modified resins significantly increased fracture toughness, tensile strength, impact strength, elastic modulus, and microhardness (P<.05), while flexural strength was significantly decreased (WMD = -3.32 MPa; P<.001). No significant differences were observed for flexural modulus, compressive strength, nanohardness, or bulk hardness. For physical and surface properties, the contact angle was significantly reduced (WMD = -7.69°; P=.009), whereas other metrics showed no significant differences. Biologically, modified resins significantly reduced microbial counts, metabolic activity, and cell viability (P<.001).
Modifying 3D-printed denture base resins enhances several mechanical and biological characteristics, particularly impact strength and antimicrobial performance. However, a trade-off in flexural strength may occur. These findings support targeted resin modifications to improve the performance of 3D-printed complete dentures.
The use of resin modification 3D-printed resins may enhance the clinical durability of complete dentures by increasing resistance to impact and reducing Candida colonization. However, the reduction in flexural strength suggests cautious use in cases requiring high load-bearing capacity.
评估与未改性的同类材料相比，树脂改性的3D打印义齿基托树脂在机械性能、物理性能、表面性能和生物学性能方面是否有所改善。
采用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析。亚组分析探讨了异质性来源。使用逐一剔除检验、漏斗图以及埃格检验和贝格检验进行敏感性分析和发表偏倚评估。使用QUIN工具评估纳入研究的方法学质量。
截至2025年1月，在五个电子数据库（PubMed、Embase、Scopus、科学网和考克兰图书馆）以及谷歌学术上进行了系统检索。
纳入了34项比较树脂改性和未改性3D打印全口义齿基托材料的体外研究。
荟萃分析显示，改性树脂显著提高了断裂韧性、拉伸强度、冲击强度、弹性模量和显微硬度（P<0.05），而弯曲强度显著降低（加权均数差=-3.32MPa；P<0.001）。在弯曲模量、抗压强度、纳米硬度或整体硬度方面未观察到显著差异。对于物理性能和表面性能，接触角显著减小（加权均数差=-7.69°；P=0.009），而其他指标未显示出显著差异。在生物学方面，改性树脂显著降低了微生物数量、代谢活性和细胞活力（P<0.001）。
对3D打印义齿基托树脂进行改性可增强多种机械性能和生物学特性，尤其是冲击强度和抗菌性能。然而，可能会在弯曲强度方面有所权衡。这些发现支持有针对性地对树脂进行改性，以提高3D打印全口义齿的性能。
使用树脂改性的3D打印树脂可通过提高抗冲击性和减少念珠菌定植来增强全口义齿的临床耐久性。然而，弯曲强度的降低表明在需要高承载能力的情况下应谨慎使用。
