Dai Zixiang, An Jiali, Huang Xiaofeng
Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
Department of Orthodontics and Pediatrics, Dental Medical Center, Aviation General Hospital, Beijing, 100012, China.
BMC Oral Health. 2025 Jul 19;25(1):1205. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-06550-w.
Three-dimensional (3D) printed denture base resin exhibits limitations including low wear resistance, poor strength, and the lack of antimicrobial property. This study investigated the mechanical and antimicrobial properties of arginine-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Arg@MSNs) modified 3D-printed denture resin.
Arg@MSNs were synthesized, characterized, and incorporated into resin matrix at 0.5, 1.0, and 2.5 wt%, unmodified resin was served as control. Specimens were fabricated according to test specifications. Surface roughness (Ra), color alteration (ΔE), flexural strength/modulus, hardness and antimicrobial efficacy against Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans were assessed. Data were evaluated by one-way analysis of variance, followed by the Tukey honestly significant difference post hoc test, with a significance level set at 0.05.
Results showed that Arg@MSNs exhibited sustained arginine release and nanoscale morphology. The 2.5 wt% group demonstrated the highest Ra and ΔE value, significantly higher than other groups (p < 0.05). Flexural strength and modulus significantly improved at 0.5 wt% and 1.0 wt% compared to the control (p < 0.05), but decreased at 2.5 wt%. Incorporation of Arg@MSNs at all levels increased hardness, significantly exceeding that of the control (p < 0.05). Antimicrobial performance significantly improved with higher concentrations of Arg@MSNs.
The addition of 1.0 wt% Arg@MSNs imparted synergistic enhancements in antimicrobial efficacy and mechanical properties to the 3D-printed nanocomposite, while maintaining clinically acceptable surface roughness and aesthetic performance. These findings demonstrated that Arg@MSNs modified 3D-printed nanocomposite denture base resin, by combining 3D-printed resin with nanotechnology, has promising potential for functionalized dental prostheses.
三维（3D）打印义齿基托树脂存在局限性，包括耐磨性低、强度差和缺乏抗菌性能。本研究调查了负载精氨酸的介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒（Arg@MSNs）改性3D打印义齿树脂的力学性能和抗菌性能。
合成并表征了Arg@MSNs，并以0.5 wt%、1.0 wt%和2.5 wt%的比例掺入树脂基质中，未改性的树脂作为对照。根据测试规格制作试样。评估表面粗糙度（Ra）、颜色变化（ΔE）、弯曲强度/模量、硬度以及对变形链球菌和白色念珠菌的抗菌效果。数据通过单因素方差分析进行评估，随后进行Tukey真实显著性差异事后检验，显著性水平设定为0.05。
结果表明，Arg@MSNs表现出精氨酸的持续释放和纳米级形态。2.5 wt%组的Ra和ΔE值最高，显著高于其他组（p < 0.05）。与对照组相比，0.5 wt%和1.0 wt%组的弯曲强度和模量显著提高（p < 0.05），但在2.5 wt%时降低。在所有水平下掺入Arg@MSNs均提高了硬度，显著超过对照组（p < 0.05）。随着Arg@MSNs浓度的增加，抗菌性能显著提高。
添加1.0 wt%的Arg@MSNs可使3D打印纳米复合材料的抗菌效果和力学性能得到协同增强，同时保持临床上可接受的表面粗糙度和美学性能。这些发现表明，通过将3D打印树脂与纳米技术相结合，Arg@MSNs改性的3D打印纳米复合义齿基托树脂在功能性牙科假体方面具有广阔的应用前景。
