Morris Carol A, Sadek Mohamed A, Modi Pooja, Abdelnaem Seif, Rusch Nancy J, Shosha Esraa, Fouda Abdelrahman Y
Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Trends Neurosci. 2025 Jul 15. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2025.06.002.
Efferocytosis, the phagocytic removal of dead cells by microglia and macrophages, was recently recognized as a critical process in the resolution of inflammation and tissue repair following ischemic stroke. In this review, we examine the pathways involved in efferocytosis after stroke, including the recognition and engulfment of apoptotic cells and the modulation of inflammatory responses. We elaborate on the pathways regulating efferocytosis and discuss how dysregulated efferocytosis can contribute to secondary injury and neurological deficits. Furthermore, we explore valuable mechanisms gleaned from retinopathy, a condition with parallels to ischemic stroke in terms of cellular death and immune responses. We then discuss phagocytosis assays used in brain and retina research. Finally, we highlight future perspectives on, and outstanding questions related to, efferocytosis in stroke.
胞葬作用，即小胶质细胞和巨噬细胞对死细胞的吞噬清除作用，最近被认为是缺血性中风后炎症消退和组织修复过程中的一个关键过程。在这篇综述中，我们研究了中风后胞葬作用所涉及的途径，包括凋亡细胞的识别和吞噬以及炎症反应的调节。我们详细阐述了调节胞葬作用的途径，并讨论了失调的胞葬作用如何导致继发性损伤和神经功能缺损。此外，我们探索了从视网膜病变中获得的有价值的机制，视网膜病变在细胞死亡和免疫反应方面与缺血性中风有相似之处。然后我们讨论了在脑和视网膜研究中使用的吞噬试验。最后，我们强调了中风中胞葬作用的未来前景以及相关的突出问题。
