Li Shanshan, Yang Boyi, Shang Shasha, Jiang Wei
Medical College, Jiangsu Medical College, Yancheng, People's Republic of China.
Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2025 Aug;33(8):1595-1605. doi: 10.1002/oby.24338. Epub 2025 Jul 16.
Our objective was to investigate the relationships between BMI, sleep quality, and sleep duration trajectories and new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM) in the elderly.
We analyzed 2648 diabetes-free participants aged ≥60 years from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) in 2014. Using Cox proportional hazards models, we examined the associations of BMI, self-reported sleep quality, and sleep duration trajectories (categorized as persistent short, persistent normal, persistent long, low-increasing, normal-decreasing, normal-increasing, and long-decreasing) with NODM risk over 4 years. Diabetes diagnosis was self-reported.
Over 4 years, 94 participants developed NODM. Obesity was associated with the highest risk (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 2.247 [CI: 1.212-4.168]). Compared with individuals with good sleep quality, those with poor sleep quality showed an increased risk of NODM, but this association was not statistically significant (HR 1.570 [0.903-2.731]). Additionally, persistent short, normal-decreasing, and long-decreasing sleep trajectories were associated with elevated NODM risk (adjusted HR values 11.662 [CI: 1.565-86.896], 8.403 [CI: 1.023-69.010], and 9.474 [CI: 1.269-70.700]).
BMI, sleep quality, and sleep duration trajectories are associated with NODM risk. Individuals with higher BMI values, poor sleep quality, or persistent short or decreasing sleep duration may be at higher risk for NODM, warranting further attention.
我们的目的是研究老年人的体重指数（BMI）、睡眠质量和睡眠时间轨迹与新发糖尿病（NODM）之间的关系。
我们分析了2014年中国老年健康长寿纵向调查（CLHLS）中2648名年龄≥60岁且无糖尿病的参与者。使用Cox比例风险模型，我们研究了BMI、自我报告的睡眠质量和睡眠时间轨迹（分为持续短、持续正常、持续长、低增加、正常减少、正常增加和长减少）与4年内NODM风险的关联。糖尿病诊断为自我报告。
在4年期间，94名参与者患上了NODM。肥胖与最高风险相关（调整后的风险比[HR]为2.247[置信区间：1.212 - 4.168]）。与睡眠质量好的个体相比，睡眠质量差的个体患NODM的风险增加，但这种关联无统计学意义（HR为1.570[0.903 - 2.731]）。此外，持续短、正常减少和长减少的睡眠轨迹与NODM风险升高相关（调整后的HR值分别为11.662[置信区间：1.565 - 86.896]、8.403[置信区间：1.023 - 69.010]和9.474[置信区间：1.269 - 70.700]）。
BMI、睡眠质量和睡眠时间轨迹与NODM风险相关。BMI值较高、睡眠质量差或睡眠时间持续短或减少的个体可能患NODM的风险更高，值得进一步关注。
