Luo Zhicheng, Wang Tingting, Wu Wenqiong, Yan Shipeng, Chen Lizhang
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Hunan 410078, China; Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Hunan Cancer Hospital, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Hunan 410078, China.
J Affect Disord. 2024 Jun 1;354:36-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.008. Epub 2024 Mar 6.
The effect of weekend catch-up sleep (WCS) on depressive symptoms is inconsistent among different populations, with limited evidence in Americans. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between WCS and depressive symptoms in American adults.
We recruited 7719 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2020. Information on sleep duration and depressive symptoms were assessed by several self-reported questions and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), respectively. Then, WCS duration was calculated as weekend sleep duration minus weekday sleep duration, and WCS was further defined as WCS duration >0 h. Survey designed regression analyses were used to assess the association of WCS and depressive symptoms.
In fully adjusted multivariate logistic regression models, the odds ratio (95 % confidence interval) for depressive symptoms and the β (95 % confidence interval) for PHQ-9 score in response to WCS were 0.746 (0.462, 1.204; P = 0.218) and -0.429 (-0.900, 0.042; P = 0.073), respectively. Besides, the smooth relationship presented L-shaped, and only WCS duration of 0-2 h was statistically significantly associated with depressive symptoms or PHQ-9 score. Subgroup analyses showed that the negative associations were stronger among men, adults younger than 65 years, and those with short weekday sleep duration (P for interaction <0.05).
The cross-sectional design limits the capability for causal relationship between WCS and depressive symptoms.
This study suggests that moderate WCS is associated with reduced odds of depressive symptoms, which provides additional epidemiological evidence for the effects of sleep on depressive symptoms.
周末补觉（WCS）对抑郁症状的影响在不同人群中并不一致，在美国人群中的证据有限。因此，我们旨在研究美国成年人中WCS与抑郁症状之间的关联。
我们从2017 - 2020年国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）中招募了7719名参与者。睡眠时长和抑郁症状的信息分别通过几个自我报告问题和患者健康问卷-9（PHQ-9）进行评估。然后，WCS时长计算为周末睡眠时间减去工作日睡眠时间，WCS进一步定义为WCS时长>0小时。采用调查设计的回归分析来评估WCS与抑郁症状之间的关联。
在完全调整的多变量逻辑回归模型中，抑郁症状的比值比（95%置信区间）以及PHQ-9得分对应WCS的β值（95%置信区间）分别为0.746（0.462，1.204；P = 0.218）和 -0.429（-0.900，0.042；P = 0.073）。此外，平滑关系呈L形，只有0 - 2小时的WCS时长与抑郁症状或PHQ-9得分存在统计学显著关联。亚组分析表明，在男性、65岁以下成年人以及工作日睡眠时间短的人群中，这种负相关更强（交互作用P<0.05）。
横断面设计限制了确定WCS与抑郁症状之间因果关系的能力。
本研究表明适度的WCS与抑郁症状几率降低有关，这为睡眠对抑郁症状的影响提供了额外的流行病学证据。
