Dong Xiuxun, He Lei, Zhang Li, Shen Yang
Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Huanghe West Road, Huaian, 223300, Jiangsu Province, China.
National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Mineral Salt Deep Utilization, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, Jiangsu Province, China.
Arch Public Health. 2024 Sep 18;82(1):162. doi: 10.1186/s13690-024-01394-2.
Sarcopenia is a musculoskeletal disease characterized by a significant reduction in muscle mass, strength, and performance. As it mostly affects older adults, it is often recognized as a disease of old age. However, sleep is also closely related to its development. Hence, it becomes critical to explore the relationship between sleep and sarcopenia in populations under 60 years of age to develop strategies for preventing sarcopenia. We here aim to explore the specific association between sleep duration and sleep quality with pre-sarcopenia in the non-elderly population using large population samples.
This study involved 7,187 participants aged 20-59 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2005 and 2014. Pre-sarcopenia is defined based on the appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) adjusted for body mass index (BMI). Self-reported sleep duration was categorized into three groups: <6 h (short sleep), 6-8 h (normal sleep), and > 8 h (long sleep). Sleep quality was assessed based on the Sleep Disorder and Trouble Sleeping Questionnaire. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to examine the relationship between sleep duration and sleep quality with pre-sarcopenia.
Sleep quality was significantly linked with the risk of pre-sarcopenia (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.36-2.18, P < 0.01). Longer or shorter sleep duration did not affect the risk of pre-sarcopenia, in contrast to normal sleep duration. Subgroup analysis demonstrated a more pronounced association in individuals who are > 40 years old (P < 0.01), non-Hispanic (P ≤ 0.01), overweight (P < 0.01), have a higher income (P < 0.01), and are more educated (P ≤ 0.01). Moreover, this association was noted in populations with or without smoking (P < 0.01) and alcohol consumption (P < 0.01), hypertension (P < 0.01) and diabetes (P ≤ 0.02).
Sleep quality is associated with an increased risk of pre-sarcopenia, while sleep duration is not in the population aged 20-59 years. Further prospective cohort studies with a large sample size are needed to determine causality and develop effective interventions for preventing sarcopenia in the population aged 20-59 years.
肌肉减少症是一种肌肉骨骼疾病，其特征是肌肉质量、力量和功能显著下降。由于它主要影响老年人，通常被认为是一种老年疾病。然而，睡眠也与其发展密切相关。因此，探索60岁以下人群睡眠与肌肉减少症之间的关系对于制定预防肌肉减少症的策略至关重要。我们旨在使用大量人群样本，探讨非老年人群中睡眠时间和睡眠质量与肌肉减少症前期的具体关联。
本研究纳入了2005年至2014年期间美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）中7187名年龄在20 - 59岁的参与者。肌肉减少症前期根据调整体重指数（BMI）后的四肢骨骼肌质量（ASM）来定义。自我报告的睡眠时间分为三组：<6小时（短睡眠）、6 - 8小时（正常睡眠）和>8小时（长睡眠）。睡眠质量基于睡眠障碍和睡眠困难问卷进行评估。采用单因素分析和多因素逻辑回归来研究睡眠时间和睡眠质量与肌肉减少症前期之间的关系。
睡眠质量与肌肉减少症前期风险显著相关（比值比1.72，95%置信区间1.36 - 2.18，P < 0.01）。与正常睡眠时间相比，更长或更短的睡眠时间均不影响肌肉减少症前期风险。亚组分析显示，在年龄>40岁（P < 0.01）、非西班牙裔（P ≤ 0.01）、超重（P < 0.01）、收入较高（P < 0.01）以及受教育程度较高（P ≤ 0.01）的个体中，这种关联更为明显。此外，在有或无吸烟（P < 0.01）、饮酒（P < 0.01）、高血压（P < 0.01）和糖尿病（P ≤ 0.02）的人群中也观察到了这种关联。
在20 - 59岁人群中，睡眠质量与肌肉减少症前期风险增加相关，而睡眠时间则不然。需要进一步开展大样本前瞻性队列研究以确定因果关系，并制定有效的干预措施来预防20 - 59岁人群的肌肉减少症。
