Carpini Joseph A, Seubert Liza, Clifford Rhonda, Ashoorian Deena
Management & Organisations Department, Business School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.
Department of Pharmacy, School of Health and Clinical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.
J Pharm Policy Pract. 2025 Jul 15;18(1):2526089. doi: 10.1080/20523211.2025.2526089. eCollection 2025.
Lived experience with suicide - none, vicarious, or personal - may help explain how pharmacists respond to a person at risk of suicide. Leveraging self-determination theory, we explore the motivational pathways of identified, introjected, and amotivation through which lived experience informed pharmacists' intentions to engage in suicide screening, as well as both recommended and unrecommended mental health support.
An anonymous online cross-sectional vignette study was distributed to registered pharmacists ( = 291), interns, and students ( = 281) in Australia. The vignette describes a patient in a community pharmacy expressing signs of a potential suicide-related issue or crisis. Following on, participants responded to validated measures assessing their motivation to help, intentions to suicide screen, and use both recommended and unrecommended support. Participant demographics, including their lived experience with suicide, was collected. Analyses were performed using SPSS 28.0.1 with the PROCESS macro (Model 4; Hayes, 2022).
Those with no lived experience of suicide were more likely to screen patients for suicide but also more likely to use unrecommended helping compared to those with vicarious and personal experience. Vicarious, relative to no lived experience, was positively associated with suicide screening and recommended helping through identified motivation. Personal lived experience, relative to vicarious, was positively associated with more amotivation that increased both suicide screening as well as unrecommended helping.
Overall, our findings highlight the need to consider pharmacists' lived experience with suicide, as it shapes their motivations to intervene and carries important implications for patient care. Our findings suggest key implications for pharmacy practice, including the importance of self-awareness and reflection on lived experience, integrating pharmacists with vicarious experience into training, and strengthening support for suicide prevention training.
有过自杀的亲身经历、间接经历或个人经历，可能有助于解释药剂师如何应对有自杀风险的人。利用自我决定理论，我们探讨了通过亲身经历形成药剂师进行自杀筛查意图以及推荐和不推荐的心理健康支持的认同动机、内摄动机和无动机的动机途径。
一项匿名在线横断面 vignette 研究被分发给澳大利亚的注册药剂师（n = 291）、实习生和学生（n = 281）。vignette 描述了一名社区药房患者表现出潜在自杀相关问题或危机的迹象。随后，参与者对评估他们帮助动机、自杀筛查意图以及使用推荐和不推荐支持的有效测量工具做出回应。收集了参与者的人口统计学信息，包括他们的自杀亲身经历。使用 SPSS 28.0.1 和 PROCESS 宏（模型 4；海斯，2022）进行分析。
与有间接经历和个人经历的人相比，没有自杀亲身经历的人更有可能对患者进行自杀筛查，但也更有可能使用不推荐的帮助方式。与没有亲身经历相比，间接经历与通过认同动机进行自杀筛查和推荐帮助呈正相关。与间接经历相比，个人亲身经历与更多的无动机呈正相关，这增加了自杀筛查以及不推荐的帮助行为。
总体而言，我们的研究结果强调了考虑药剂师自杀亲身经历的必要性，因为这塑造了他们的干预动机，并对患者护理具有重要意义。我们的研究结果对药学实践具有关键意义，包括自我意识和对亲身经历的反思的重要性、将有间接经历的药剂师纳入培训，以及加强对自杀预防培训的支持。
